Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a primary health issue in our society. Diabetes during pregnancy presents various challenges that can impact the growth and development of the fetus, relying on the healthy functioning of the placenta and umbilical cord. Objective: In this study,...

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Main Authors: Anum Hafeez Dogar, Shagufta Nasreen, Samia Shahbaz, Amber Ilyas, Noor Ijaz, Sana Fatima Dogar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College 2025-07-01
Series:Liaquat National Journal of Primary Care
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lnh.edu.pk/lnjpc/pdf/46a16add-e258-4e03-b4c8-9e402df601ab.pdf
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author Anum Hafeez Dogar
Shagufta Nasreen
Samia Shahbaz
Amber Ilyas
Noor Ijaz
Sana Fatima Dogar
author_facet Anum Hafeez Dogar
Shagufta Nasreen
Samia Shahbaz
Amber Ilyas
Noor Ijaz
Sana Fatima Dogar
author_sort Anum Hafeez Dogar
collection DOAJ
description Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a primary health issue in our society. Diabetes during pregnancy presents various challenges that can impact the growth and development of the fetus, relying on the healthy functioning of the placenta and umbilical cord. Objective: In this study, an evaluation of histomorphological changes in umbilical cord was done in gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study comprised 58 subjects, having two groups: Group A consisted of 29 healthy subjects, and Group B of 29 gestational diabetes mellitus patients. The study duration was from July 2020 to July 2021. It was conducted by keeping the declaration of Helsinki as an ethical guide for research involving human subjects at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, and the Experimental Research Laboratory of Postgraduate Medical Institute (PGMI) Lahore. History and examination were done regarding gestational diabetes mellitus. Umbilical cords were collected at the time of delivery and washed with normal saline. A gross examination was done, and samples were preserved for histomorphology. Results: The diameter of the umbilical cords was significantly increased in Group B (case) as compared to Group A (control). There was no significant difference in the number of false knots in the two groups. Histologically, there was endothelial disruption of the umbilical artery and congestion of the umbilical vein in Group B, but no such increase in Group A. Conclusion: This study showed that there were significant histomorphological changes in GDM umbilical cords
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institution Kabale University
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language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College
record_format Article
series Liaquat National Journal of Primary Care
spelling doaj-art-9993def58e3e4716b5a88f4e2b7e49072025-08-20T03:35:23ZengLiaquat National Hospital and Medical CollegeLiaquat National Journal of Primary Care2707-35212708-91342025-07-017320721110.37184/lnjpc.2707-3521.7.45Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes MellitusAnum Hafeez Dogar0Shagufta Nasreen1Samia Shahbaz2Amber Ilyas3Noor Ijaz4Sana Fatima Dogar5Anatomy Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PakistanAnatomy Department, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan Anatomy Department, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PakistanAnatomy Department, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PakistanAnatomy Department, Ameer-Uddin Medical College, Lahore, PakistanPathology Department, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PakistanBackground: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a primary health issue in our society. Diabetes during pregnancy presents various challenges that can impact the growth and development of the fetus, relying on the healthy functioning of the placenta and umbilical cord. Objective: In this study, an evaluation of histomorphological changes in umbilical cord was done in gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study comprised 58 subjects, having two groups: Group A consisted of 29 healthy subjects, and Group B of 29 gestational diabetes mellitus patients. The study duration was from July 2020 to July 2021. It was conducted by keeping the declaration of Helsinki as an ethical guide for research involving human subjects at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, and the Experimental Research Laboratory of Postgraduate Medical Institute (PGMI) Lahore. History and examination were done regarding gestational diabetes mellitus. Umbilical cords were collected at the time of delivery and washed with normal saline. A gross examination was done, and samples were preserved for histomorphology. Results: The diameter of the umbilical cords was significantly increased in Group B (case) as compared to Group A (control). There was no significant difference in the number of false knots in the two groups. Histologically, there was endothelial disruption of the umbilical artery and congestion of the umbilical vein in Group B, but no such increase in Group A. Conclusion: This study showed that there were significant histomorphological changes in GDM umbilical cordshttps://journals.lnh.edu.pk/lnjpc/pdf/46a16add-e258-4e03-b4c8-9e402df601ab.pdfgestational diabetes mellitusumbilical cordumbilical arteryumbilical veinwharton’s jellyfalse knotshistomorphologycomparative study
spellingShingle Anum Hafeez Dogar
Shagufta Nasreen
Samia Shahbaz
Amber Ilyas
Noor Ijaz
Sana Fatima Dogar
Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Liaquat National Journal of Primary Care
gestational diabetes mellitus
umbilical cord
umbilical artery
umbilical vein
wharton’s jelly
false knots
histomorphology
comparative study
title Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
title_full Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
title_short Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort histomorphological analysis of placental umbilical cord blood vessels in gestational diabetes mellitus
topic gestational diabetes mellitus
umbilical cord
umbilical artery
umbilical vein
wharton’s jelly
false knots
histomorphology
comparative study
url https://journals.lnh.edu.pk/lnjpc/pdf/46a16add-e258-4e03-b4c8-9e402df601ab.pdf
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