The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study

BackgroundEarly-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and obesity is a well-recognized contributing factor. Traditional measures like body mass index (BMI) have limitations in capturing visceral fat distribution. The A Bo...

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Main Authors: Mengdie Chen, Yiyun Wang, Ping Feng, Lijing Wu, Hanying Liu, Yao Liang, Mengyao Yang, Qidong Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Endocrinology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1553890/full
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author Mengdie Chen
Yiyun Wang
Ping Feng
Lijing Wu
Hanying Liu
Yao Liang
Mengyao Yang
Qidong Zheng
author_facet Mengdie Chen
Yiyun Wang
Ping Feng
Lijing Wu
Hanying Liu
Yao Liang
Mengyao Yang
Qidong Zheng
author_sort Mengdie Chen
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundEarly-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and obesity is a well-recognized contributing factor. Traditional measures like body mass index (BMI) have limitations in capturing visceral fat distribution. The A Body Shape Index (ABSI), a newer anthropometric indicator, may provide a more accurate assessment of central obesity. This study investigated the relationship between ABSI and DKD in individuals with early-onset T2DM.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2,598 patients with early-onset T2DM enrolled at the National Metabolic Management Centers of Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital and Taizhou Central Hospital between 2017 and 2024. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between ABSI and DKD, with additional analyses using restricted cubic splines (RCS) to explore dose-response patterns. Subgroup and interaction analyses were also performed.ResultsOf the participants, 1,030 (39.6%) were diagnosed with DKD. The prevalence of DKD increased across ABSI tertiles: 35.8% in the lowest tertile (T1), 38.5% in the middle tertile (T2), and 44.7% in the highest tertile (T3) (P < 0.001). Higher ABSI was independently associated with a greater risk of DKD (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05–1.50; P = 0.022) after adjusting for potential confounders. Patients in the highest ABSI tertile had a significantly higher risk of DKD than those in the lowest tertile (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01–1.52; P = 0.041). RCS analysis showed a positive linear relationship between ABSI and DKD risk (P for non-linearity = 0.139), and the findings were consistent across subgroups.ConclusionABSI is positively and linearly associated with the risk of DKD in patients with early-onset T2DM. This metric may be useful for identifying individuals at higher risk and guiding early preventive strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-9986ee55fc1d4cfb887fe739e24b7ae12025-08-20T03:22:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15538901553890The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center studyMengdie Chen0Yiyun Wang1Ping Feng2Lijing Wu3Hanying Liu4Yao Liang5Mengyao Yang6Qidong Zheng7Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital, Yuhuan, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital, Yuhuan, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital, Yuhuan, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital, Yuhuan, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital, Yuhuan, ChinaBackgroundEarly-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and obesity is a well-recognized contributing factor. Traditional measures like body mass index (BMI) have limitations in capturing visceral fat distribution. The A Body Shape Index (ABSI), a newer anthropometric indicator, may provide a more accurate assessment of central obesity. This study investigated the relationship between ABSI and DKD in individuals with early-onset T2DM.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2,598 patients with early-onset T2DM enrolled at the National Metabolic Management Centers of Yuhuan Second People’s Hospital and Taizhou Central Hospital between 2017 and 2024. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between ABSI and DKD, with additional analyses using restricted cubic splines (RCS) to explore dose-response patterns. Subgroup and interaction analyses were also performed.ResultsOf the participants, 1,030 (39.6%) were diagnosed with DKD. The prevalence of DKD increased across ABSI tertiles: 35.8% in the lowest tertile (T1), 38.5% in the middle tertile (T2), and 44.7% in the highest tertile (T3) (P < 0.001). Higher ABSI was independently associated with a greater risk of DKD (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05–1.50; P = 0.022) after adjusting for potential confounders. Patients in the highest ABSI tertile had a significantly higher risk of DKD than those in the lowest tertile (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01–1.52; P = 0.041). RCS analysis showed a positive linear relationship between ABSI and DKD risk (P for non-linearity = 0.139), and the findings were consistent across subgroups.ConclusionABSI is positively and linearly associated with the risk of DKD in patients with early-onset T2DM. This metric may be useful for identifying individuals at higher risk and guiding early preventive strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1553890/fulla body shape indexvisceral obesitytype 2 diabetesdiabetic kidney diseaseearly-onset
spellingShingle Mengdie Chen
Yiyun Wang
Ping Feng
Lijing Wu
Hanying Liu
Yao Liang
Mengyao Yang
Qidong Zheng
The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
Frontiers in Endocrinology
a body shape index
visceral obesity
type 2 diabetes
diabetic kidney disease
early-onset
title The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
title_full The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
title_fullStr The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
title_full_unstemmed The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
title_short The association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early-onset type 2 diabetes: evidence from a two-center study
title_sort association between a body shape index and diabetic kidney disease in early onset type 2 diabetes evidence from a two center study
topic a body shape index
visceral obesity
type 2 diabetes
diabetic kidney disease
early-onset
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1553890/full
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