MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation

Abstract Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs), which induce proteolysis by recruiting an E3 ligase to dock into a target protein, are acquiring popularity as a novel pharmacological modality because of the unique features of PROTAC, including high potency, low dosage, and effective on undruggab...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sadettin Y. Ugurlu, David McDonald, Ramazan Enisoglu, Zexuan Zhu, Shan He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83558-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850067899411070976
author Sadettin Y. Ugurlu
David McDonald
Ramazan Enisoglu
Zexuan Zhu
Shan He
author_facet Sadettin Y. Ugurlu
David McDonald
Ramazan Enisoglu
Zexuan Zhu
Shan He
author_sort Sadettin Y. Ugurlu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs), which induce proteolysis by recruiting an E3 ligase to dock into a target protein, are acquiring popularity as a novel pharmacological modality because of the unique features of PROTAC, including high potency, low dosage, and effective on undruggable targets. While PROTACs are promising prospects as chemical probes and therapeutic agents, their discovery usually necessitates the synthesis of numerous analogues to explore variations on the chemical linker structure exhaustively. Without extensive trial and error, it is unknown how to link the two protein-recruiting moieties to facilitate the formation of a productive ternary complex. Although molecular docking-based and optimization pipelines have been designed to predict ternary complexes, guiding rational PROTAC design, they have suffered from limited predictive performance in the quality of the ternary structure and their ranks. Here, MEGA PROTAC has been designed to enhance the performance in quality and ranking of ternary structures. MEGA PROTAC employs MEGADOCK to execute docking for protein-protein complexes (PPCs). The docking establishes an initial exploration area for PPCs. A sequential filtration strategy combined with rank aggregation is employed to choose a subset of PPCs for grid search. Once candidate PPCs are selected, a grid search method is used separately for translation and rotation. The remaining proteins have been grouped into clusters, and MEGA PROTAC further filters these clusters based on the energy score of the proteins within each cluster. MEGA PROTAC utilises rank aggregation to choose the best clusters and then employs MEGADOCK to dock PROTAC into the selected PPCs, forming a ternary structure. Finally, MEGA PROTAC was tested on 22 cases to compare with the state-of-the-art method, Bayesian optimisation for ternary complex prediction (BOTCP). MEGA PROTAC outperformed BOTCP on 16 test cases out of 22 cases, achieving a higher maximum DockQ score with an 18% higher mean and 35% higher median. Also, MEGA PROTAC exhibited 75% superior ranks and a reduced cluster number for maximum DockQ score compared to BOTCP. Also, MEGA PROTAC outperforms BOTCP by achieving a twofold improvement in locating the first acceptable DockQ scores, with a more significant proportion of near-native structures within the detected cluster.
format Article
id doaj-art-994b6a8a82d842e3a887af7b1aa1e471
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-994b6a8a82d842e3a887af7b1aa1e4712025-08-20T02:48:12ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115112510.1038/s41598-024-83558-2MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregationSadettin Y. Ugurlu0David McDonald1Ramazan Enisoglu2Zexuan Zhu3Shan He4School of Computer Science, University of BirminghamAIA Insights LtdSchool of Science and Technology, City St George’s, University of LondonNational Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology, Shenzhen UniversitySchool of Computer Science, University of BirminghamAbstract Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs), which induce proteolysis by recruiting an E3 ligase to dock into a target protein, are acquiring popularity as a novel pharmacological modality because of the unique features of PROTAC, including high potency, low dosage, and effective on undruggable targets. While PROTACs are promising prospects as chemical probes and therapeutic agents, their discovery usually necessitates the synthesis of numerous analogues to explore variations on the chemical linker structure exhaustively. Without extensive trial and error, it is unknown how to link the two protein-recruiting moieties to facilitate the formation of a productive ternary complex. Although molecular docking-based and optimization pipelines have been designed to predict ternary complexes, guiding rational PROTAC design, they have suffered from limited predictive performance in the quality of the ternary structure and their ranks. Here, MEGA PROTAC has been designed to enhance the performance in quality and ranking of ternary structures. MEGA PROTAC employs MEGADOCK to execute docking for protein-protein complexes (PPCs). The docking establishes an initial exploration area for PPCs. A sequential filtration strategy combined with rank aggregation is employed to choose a subset of PPCs for grid search. Once candidate PPCs are selected, a grid search method is used separately for translation and rotation. The remaining proteins have been grouped into clusters, and MEGA PROTAC further filters these clusters based on the energy score of the proteins within each cluster. MEGA PROTAC utilises rank aggregation to choose the best clusters and then employs MEGADOCK to dock PROTAC into the selected PPCs, forming a ternary structure. Finally, MEGA PROTAC was tested on 22 cases to compare with the state-of-the-art method, Bayesian optimisation for ternary complex prediction (BOTCP). MEGA PROTAC outperformed BOTCP on 16 test cases out of 22 cases, achieving a higher maximum DockQ score with an 18% higher mean and 35% higher median. Also, MEGA PROTAC exhibited 75% superior ranks and a reduced cluster number for maximum DockQ score compared to BOTCP. Also, MEGA PROTAC outperforms BOTCP by achieving a twofold improvement in locating the first acceptable DockQ scores, with a more significant proportion of near-native structures within the detected cluster.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83558-2PROTACSequential filtrationRank aggregationDockingMediated ternary complexProteolysis-targeting chimaeras
spellingShingle Sadettin Y. Ugurlu
David McDonald
Ramazan Enisoglu
Zexuan Zhu
Shan He
MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
Scientific Reports
PROTAC
Sequential filtration
Rank aggregation
Docking
Mediated ternary complex
Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras
title MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
title_full MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
title_fullStr MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
title_full_unstemmed MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
title_short MEGA PROTAC, MEGA DOCK-based PROTAC mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
title_sort mega protac mega dock based protac mediated ternary complex formation pipeline with sequential filtering and rank aggregation
topic PROTAC
Sequential filtration
Rank aggregation
Docking
Mediated ternary complex
Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83558-2
work_keys_str_mv AT sadettinyugurlu megaprotacmegadockbasedprotacmediatedternarycomplexformationpipelinewithsequentialfilteringandrankaggregation
AT davidmcdonald megaprotacmegadockbasedprotacmediatedternarycomplexformationpipelinewithsequentialfilteringandrankaggregation
AT ramazanenisoglu megaprotacmegadockbasedprotacmediatedternarycomplexformationpipelinewithsequentialfilteringandrankaggregation
AT zexuanzhu megaprotacmegadockbasedprotacmediatedternarycomplexformationpipelinewithsequentialfilteringandrankaggregation
AT shanhe megaprotacmegadockbasedprotacmediatedternarycomplexformationpipelinewithsequentialfilteringandrankaggregation