Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of multiple organs (kidney, heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and skin), endothelial damage leading to vascular disease, and autoantibody production. Although the microvascular disease is well-understood, mechanistic insi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Rheumatology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2017;volume=12;issue=6;spage=211;epage=217;aulast=Pagkopoulou |
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| author | Eleni Pagkopoulou Marina Poutakidou Alexandros Garyfallos George Kitas Theodoros Dimitroulas |
| author_facet | Eleni Pagkopoulou Marina Poutakidou Alexandros Garyfallos George Kitas Theodoros Dimitroulas |
| author_sort | Eleni Pagkopoulou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of multiple organs (kidney, heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and skin), endothelial damage leading to vascular disease, and autoantibody production. Although the microvascular disease is well-understood, mechanistic insights explaining the presence and extent of macrovascular disease in SSc patients has been a matter of intense debate, especially in the past few years. Patients with systemic sclerosis have an increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), possibly mediated by inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms. The excess cardiovascular risk in SSc is suggested by increased arterial stiffness, carotid intima thickening, and reduced flow-mediated dilatation. Given the involvement of the microvasculature, the differentiation between primary and ischemic heart disease is difficult. There is a relative paucity of data regarding clinical and preclinical CVD in SSc. Therefore, large cohort studies are required to clarify whether CVD is predominantly associated with atherosclerosis or microvascular involvement. The aim of this review is to discuss primary and ischemic heart disease and their contribution to CVD in SSc. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9931a507edcc4064a3deff57719e0b4b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0973-3698 0973-3701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Rheumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9931a507edcc4064a3deff57719e0b4b2025-08-20T03:37:03ZengSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Rheumatology0973-36980973-37012017-01-01126211217Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvementEleni PagkopoulouMarina PoutakidouAlexandros GaryfallosGeorge KitasTheodoros DimitroulasSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of multiple organs (kidney, heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and skin), endothelial damage leading to vascular disease, and autoantibody production. Although the microvascular disease is well-understood, mechanistic insights explaining the presence and extent of macrovascular disease in SSc patients has been a matter of intense debate, especially in the past few years. Patients with systemic sclerosis have an increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), possibly mediated by inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms. The excess cardiovascular risk in SSc is suggested by increased arterial stiffness, carotid intima thickening, and reduced flow-mediated dilatation. Given the involvement of the microvasculature, the differentiation between primary and ischemic heart disease is difficult. There is a relative paucity of data regarding clinical and preclinical CVD in SSc. Therefore, large cohort studies are required to clarify whether CVD is predominantly associated with atherosclerosis or microvascular involvement. The aim of this review is to discuss primary and ischemic heart disease and their contribution to CVD in SSc.http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2017;volume=12;issue=6;spage=211;epage=217;aulast=PagkopoulouCardiovascular diseaseprimary heart involvementsystemic sclerosisvascular complications |
| spellingShingle | Eleni Pagkopoulou Marina Poutakidou Alexandros Garyfallos George Kitas Theodoros Dimitroulas Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement Indian Journal of Rheumatology Cardiovascular disease primary heart involvement systemic sclerosis vascular complications |
| title | Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement |
| title_full | Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement |
| title_short | Cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis: Micro- and Macro-vascular involvement |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risk in systemic sclerosis micro and macro vascular involvement |
| topic | Cardiovascular disease primary heart involvement systemic sclerosis vascular complications |
| url | http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2017;volume=12;issue=6;spage=211;epage=217;aulast=Pagkopoulou |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elenipagkopoulou cardiovascularriskinsystemicsclerosismicroandmacrovascularinvolvement AT marinapoutakidou cardiovascularriskinsystemicsclerosismicroandmacrovascularinvolvement AT alexandrosgaryfallos cardiovascularriskinsystemicsclerosismicroandmacrovascularinvolvement AT georgekitas cardiovascularriskinsystemicsclerosismicroandmacrovascularinvolvement AT theodorosdimitroulas cardiovascularriskinsystemicsclerosismicroandmacrovascularinvolvement |