Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward
Stem cell transplantation therapy is a promising adjunct for regenerating damaged heart tissue; however, only modest improvements in cardiac function have been observed due to poor survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic heart. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for therapies that can aid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5785436 |
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| author | Julie A. Dougherty Muhamad Mergaye Naresh Kumar Chun-An Chen Mark G. Angelos Mahmood Khan |
| author_facet | Julie A. Dougherty Muhamad Mergaye Naresh Kumar Chun-An Chen Mark G. Angelos Mahmood Khan |
| author_sort | Julie A. Dougherty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stem cell transplantation therapy is a promising adjunct for regenerating damaged heart tissue; however, only modest improvements in cardiac function have been observed due to poor survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic heart. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for therapies that can aid in attenuating cardiac damage. Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes released by stem cells could serve as a potential cell-free therapeutic for cardiac repair. These exosomes/nanoshuttles, once thought to be merely a method of waste disposal, have been shown to play a crucial role in physiological functions including short- and long-distance intercellular communication. In this review, we have summarized studies demonstrating the potential role of exosomes in improving cardiac function, attenuating cardiac fibrosis, stimulating angiogenesis, and modulating miRNA expression. Furthermore, exosomes carry an important cargo of miRNAs and proteins that could play an important role as a diagnostic marker for cardiovascular disease post-myocardial infarction. Although there is promising evidence from preclinical studies that exosomes released by stem cells could serve as a potential cell-free therapeutic for myocardial repair, there are several challenges that need to be addressed before exosomes could be fully utilized as off-the-shelf therapeutics for cardiac repair. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9917502e36ea41b2a2f250e6d2aebbf7 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-9917502e36ea41b2a2f250e6d2aebbf72025-08-20T02:20:25ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782017-01-01201710.1155/2017/57854365785436Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics ForwardJulie A. Dougherty0Muhamad Mergaye1Naresh Kumar2Chun-An Chen3Mark G. Angelos4Mahmood Khan5Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USAStem cell transplantation therapy is a promising adjunct for regenerating damaged heart tissue; however, only modest improvements in cardiac function have been observed due to poor survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic heart. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for therapies that can aid in attenuating cardiac damage. Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes released by stem cells could serve as a potential cell-free therapeutic for cardiac repair. These exosomes/nanoshuttles, once thought to be merely a method of waste disposal, have been shown to play a crucial role in physiological functions including short- and long-distance intercellular communication. In this review, we have summarized studies demonstrating the potential role of exosomes in improving cardiac function, attenuating cardiac fibrosis, stimulating angiogenesis, and modulating miRNA expression. Furthermore, exosomes carry an important cargo of miRNAs and proteins that could play an important role as a diagnostic marker for cardiovascular disease post-myocardial infarction. Although there is promising evidence from preclinical studies that exosomes released by stem cells could serve as a potential cell-free therapeutic for myocardial repair, there are several challenges that need to be addressed before exosomes could be fully utilized as off-the-shelf therapeutics for cardiac repair.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5785436 |
| spellingShingle | Julie A. Dougherty Muhamad Mergaye Naresh Kumar Chun-An Chen Mark G. Angelos Mahmood Khan Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward Stem Cells International |
| title | Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward |
| title_full | Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward |
| title_fullStr | Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward |
| title_short | Potential Role of Exosomes in Mending a Broken Heart: Nanoshuttles Propelling Future Clinical Therapeutics Forward |
| title_sort | potential role of exosomes in mending a broken heart nanoshuttles propelling future clinical therapeutics forward |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5785436 |
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