Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology.
Virus satellites are widespread subcellular entities, present both in eukaryotic and in prokaryotic cells. Their modus vivendi involves parasitism of the life cycle of their inducing helper viruses, which assures their transmission to a new host. However, the evolutionary and ecological implications...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-10-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005609 |
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| author | Belén Frígols Nuria Quiles-Puchalt Ignacio Mir-Sanchis Jorge Donderis Santiago F Elena Angus Buckling Richard P Novick Alberto Marina José R Penadés |
| author_facet | Belén Frígols Nuria Quiles-Puchalt Ignacio Mir-Sanchis Jorge Donderis Santiago F Elena Angus Buckling Richard P Novick Alberto Marina José R Penadés |
| author_sort | Belén Frígols |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Virus satellites are widespread subcellular entities, present both in eukaryotic and in prokaryotic cells. Their modus vivendi involves parasitism of the life cycle of their inducing helper viruses, which assures their transmission to a new host. However, the evolutionary and ecological implications of satellites on helper viruses remain unclear. Here, using staphylococcal pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) as a model of virus satellites, we experimentally show that helper viruses rapidly evolve resistance to their virus satellites, preventing SaPI proliferation, and SaPIs in turn can readily evolve to overcome phage resistance. Genomic analyses of both these experimentally evolved strains as well as naturally occurring bacteriophages suggest that the SaPIs drive the coexistence of multiple alleles of the phage-coded SaPI inducing genes, as well as sometimes selecting for the absence of the SaPI depressing genes. We report similar (accidental) evolution of resistance to SaPIs in laboratory phages used for Staphylococcus aureus typing and also obtain the same qualitative results in both experimental evolution and phylogenetic studies of Enterococcus faecalis phages and their satellites viruses. In summary, our results suggest that helper and satellite viruses undergo rapid coevolution, which is likely to play a key role in the evolution and ecology of the viruses as well as their prokaryotic hosts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-98fbc314603844209e931e97daa031ec |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj-art-98fbc314603844209e931e97daa031ec2025-08-20T03:10:08ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042015-10-011110e100560910.1371/journal.pgen.1005609Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology.Belén FrígolsNuria Quiles-PuchaltIgnacio Mir-SanchisJorge DonderisSantiago F ElenaAngus BucklingRichard P NovickAlberto MarinaJosé R PenadésVirus satellites are widespread subcellular entities, present both in eukaryotic and in prokaryotic cells. Their modus vivendi involves parasitism of the life cycle of their inducing helper viruses, which assures their transmission to a new host. However, the evolutionary and ecological implications of satellites on helper viruses remain unclear. Here, using staphylococcal pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) as a model of virus satellites, we experimentally show that helper viruses rapidly evolve resistance to their virus satellites, preventing SaPI proliferation, and SaPIs in turn can readily evolve to overcome phage resistance. Genomic analyses of both these experimentally evolved strains as well as naturally occurring bacteriophages suggest that the SaPIs drive the coexistence of multiple alleles of the phage-coded SaPI inducing genes, as well as sometimes selecting for the absence of the SaPI depressing genes. We report similar (accidental) evolution of resistance to SaPIs in laboratory phages used for Staphylococcus aureus typing and also obtain the same qualitative results in both experimental evolution and phylogenetic studies of Enterococcus faecalis phages and their satellites viruses. In summary, our results suggest that helper and satellite viruses undergo rapid coevolution, which is likely to play a key role in the evolution and ecology of the viruses as well as their prokaryotic hosts.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005609 |
| spellingShingle | Belén Frígols Nuria Quiles-Puchalt Ignacio Mir-Sanchis Jorge Donderis Santiago F Elena Angus Buckling Richard P Novick Alberto Marina José R Penadés Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. |
| title_full | Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. |
| title_fullStr | Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. |
| title_short | Virus Satellites Drive Viral Evolution and Ecology. |
| title_sort | virus satellites drive viral evolution and ecology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005609 |
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