Proinflammatory cytokines and depression in rheumatoid arthritis
Objective: to specify the association between the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-а (TNF-а), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), and IL-6, and the presence and degree of depression and anxiety spectrum disorders (ADSDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Subjects an...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
| Published: |
IMA PRESS LLC
2013-06-01
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| Series: | Научно-практическая ревматология |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://rsp.mediar-press.net/rsp/article/view/1314 |
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| Summary: | Objective: to specify the association between the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-а (TNF-а), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), and IL-6, and the presence and degree of depression and anxiety spectrum disorders (ADSDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Subjects and methods. The investigation included 45 patients with a valid RA diagnosis. Their mean age was 45.5+3.09 years; the mean disease duration was 155.0+26.5 months. The authors determined RA activity with the DAS28 index; fatigue degree with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and pain magnitude with the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Mental disorders were diagnosed by a psychiatrist in accordance with the ICD-10 and DSM-IV, by applying a number of psychiatric and psychological scales and tests. The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines was measured using the xMAP (27-plex) technology on a BioPlex-200 analyzer (Bio-Rad, USA). Results. There were mental ADSDs in 82.2% of the patients and moderate cognitive impairments (CI) in 67.7%. 80% of the examinees reported clinical fatigue; 64.5% experienced severe and moderate pain. The levels of TNF-а and IL-1ß were slightly higher in patients with ADSDs and CI than in those without these disorders. The concentration of IL-6 was highest in the presence of anxiety disorders. However, these differences were statistically insignificant. The level of TNF-а was somewhat higher in patients with clinical fatigue and significantly higher in those who experienced intense pain. That of IL-1ß was significantly higher in patients with severe and moderate pain than in those with mild pain (p < 0.05). Conclusion. ADSDs and CI in patients with RA are associated with the elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-а, IL-1ß, and IL-6), which confirms the implication of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of these conditions in RA. High TNF-а and IL-1ß levels are typical of RA patients with clinical fatigue and marked pain. |
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| ISSN: | 1995-4484 1995-4492 |