Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device

Abstract A photonic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has usually implemented a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based disposable inexpensive PCR reactor, worked as the photothermal cycler, to show potential as a point-of-care test (PoCT) for detection nucleic acids. However, the PoCT type ph...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiyeon Han, Tiara A M, Seongryeong Kim, Gabriela Morales Florez, Kiran Shrestha, Dang Du Nguyen, Inki Kim, Jinkee Lee, Gyoujin Cho
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03287-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849392436582809600
author Jiyeon Han
Tiara A M
Seongryeong Kim
Gabriela Morales Florez
Kiran Shrestha
Dang Du Nguyen
Inki Kim
Jinkee Lee
Gyoujin Cho
author_facet Jiyeon Han
Tiara A M
Seongryeong Kim
Gabriela Morales Florez
Kiran Shrestha
Dang Du Nguyen
Inki Kim
Jinkee Lee
Gyoujin Cho
author_sort Jiyeon Han
collection DOAJ
description Abstract A photonic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has usually implemented a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based disposable inexpensive PCR reactor, worked as the photothermal cycler, to show potential as a point-of-care test (PoCT) for detection nucleic acids. However, the PoCT type photonic qPCR has to overcome the prolonged time for the fabrication of PDMS-based PCR reactors and enable a rapid thermal cycler to shorten diagnosis time with a strong fluorescence intensity. Here, we developed a room-temperature curable titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle dispersed PDMS (TiO2-PDMS) nanocomposite to reduce the fabrication time of the PCR reactor which enhanced the speed of photothermal cycles and fluorescence signal intensity of photonic qPCR. The TiO2-PDMS nanocomposite was formulated for rapid cross-linking at the room-temperature by introducing an optimized amount of Pt catalyst, resulting in the fabrication of a nanocomposite-based PCR reactor within 8 min at room-temperature. The nanocomposite-based PCR reactor enhanced the heating rate to 18.33 Cº/s and cooling rate to −3.11Cº/s because of the phonon scattering effect of TiO2 in the reactor and successfully amplified λ-DNA (amplicon size of 100 bp) within 10 min. Finally, we improved the qPCR efficiency by 2 cycle threshold (C t ) value compared with pristine PDMS reactor and quantified up to 10 copies/µL nucleic acids by fluorescence intensity enhancement resulting from light reflections property of TiO2. By using TiO2-PDMS nanocomposite-based PCR reactors, the fast and efficient nucleic acid assay was enabled without loss of sensitivity, and it can be practically used in the field of PoCT. Graphical Abstract
format Article
id doaj-art-989b59a25ddd4c4fbbd76b4c5c3e8349
institution Kabale University
issn 1477-3155
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Journal of Nanobiotechnology
spelling doaj-art-989b59a25ddd4c4fbbd76b4c5c3e83492025-08-20T03:40:47ZengBMCJournal of Nanobiotechnology1477-31552025-03-0123111310.1186/s12951-025-03287-0Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR deviceJiyeon Han0Tiara A M1Seongryeong Kim2Gabriela Morales Florez3Kiran Shrestha4Dang Du Nguyen5Inki Kim6Jinkee Lee7Gyoujin Cho8Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan UniversityInstitute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityInstitute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan UniversityAbstract A photonic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has usually implemented a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based disposable inexpensive PCR reactor, worked as the photothermal cycler, to show potential as a point-of-care test (PoCT) for detection nucleic acids. However, the PoCT type photonic qPCR has to overcome the prolonged time for the fabrication of PDMS-based PCR reactors and enable a rapid thermal cycler to shorten diagnosis time with a strong fluorescence intensity. Here, we developed a room-temperature curable titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle dispersed PDMS (TiO2-PDMS) nanocomposite to reduce the fabrication time of the PCR reactor which enhanced the speed of photothermal cycles and fluorescence signal intensity of photonic qPCR. The TiO2-PDMS nanocomposite was formulated for rapid cross-linking at the room-temperature by introducing an optimized amount of Pt catalyst, resulting in the fabrication of a nanocomposite-based PCR reactor within 8 min at room-temperature. The nanocomposite-based PCR reactor enhanced the heating rate to 18.33 Cº/s and cooling rate to −3.11Cº/s because of the phonon scattering effect of TiO2 in the reactor and successfully amplified λ-DNA (amplicon size of 100 bp) within 10 min. Finally, we improved the qPCR efficiency by 2 cycle threshold (C t ) value compared with pristine PDMS reactor and quantified up to 10 copies/µL nucleic acids by fluorescence intensity enhancement resulting from light reflections property of TiO2. By using TiO2-PDMS nanocomposite-based PCR reactors, the fast and efficient nucleic acid assay was enabled without loss of sensitivity, and it can be practically used in the field of PoCT. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03287-0Photonic PCRPlasmonic fluorescenceTiO2-PDMSPhotothermal cyclerNucleic acid assay
spellingShingle Jiyeon Han
Tiara A M
Seongryeong Kim
Gabriela Morales Florez
Kiran Shrestha
Dang Du Nguyen
Inki Kim
Jinkee Lee
Gyoujin Cho
Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Photonic PCR
Plasmonic fluorescence
TiO2-PDMS
Photothermal cycler
Nucleic acid assay
title Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
title_full Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
title_fullStr Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
title_full_unstemmed Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
title_short Nanocomposite-based PCR reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand-held qPCR device
title_sort nanocomposite based pcr reactors to enhance thermal rate and fluorescence intensity in hand held qpcr device
topic Photonic PCR
Plasmonic fluorescence
TiO2-PDMS
Photothermal cycler
Nucleic acid assay
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03287-0
work_keys_str_mv AT jiyeonhan nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT tiaraam nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT seongryeongkim nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT gabrielamoralesflorez nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT kiranshrestha nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT dangdunguyen nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT inkikim nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT jinkeelee nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice
AT gyoujincho nanocompositebasedpcrreactorstoenhancethermalrateandfluorescenceintensityinhandheldqpcrdevice