Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation
Abstract Background Insufficient physical activity among adolescents is a major global public health concern, and schools are considered key venues for promoting physical activity. Teachers play a crucial role in the implementation of policies. This study adapted and validated the COM-PASS scale, ba...
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BMC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23231-z |
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| author | Jingtao Wu Yi Yang Yanhong Shao Xiaolin Zhang Wanli Zang Jun Hu |
| author_facet | Jingtao Wu Yi Yang Yanhong Shao Xiaolin Zhang Wanli Zang Jun Hu |
| author_sort | Jingtao Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Insufficient physical activity among adolescents is a major global public health concern, and schools are considered key venues for promoting physical activity. Teachers play a crucial role in the implementation of policies. This study adapted and validated the COM-PASS scale, based on the COM-B model, to assess its reliability and validity in the Chinese context. Methods This study validates the appropriateness of the COM-PASS scale based on the COM-B model, assessing its reliability and validity within the Chinese cultural context. A three-phase design was employed: (1) A Delphi method involving three rounds of surveys with 15 experts to refine the questionnaire's relevance and validity; (2) Cognitive interviews with 10 primary and secondary school teachers to evaluate item comprehensibility; (3) Confirmatory factor analysis of 4,033 questionnaires across China's seven major administrative regions to verify structural validity and internal consistency. Results The CFA results showed that the three-factor model fit well (χ2 = 3179.436, df = 518, CFI = 0.964, TLI = 0.956, RMSEA = 0.036), with factor loadings for all items exceeding 0.750. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the three dimensions were 0.957, 0.947, and 0.965, respectively. Path coefficient tests indicated strong explanatory power of the latent variables on the observed variables (standardized path coefficients ranged from 0.781 to 0.951). Cross-group validation demonstrated the scale's stability and applicability across different administrative regions in China. Conclusion The Chinese version of the COM-PASS scale has shown good reliability and validity among the population of Chinese primary and secondary school teachers, and it can effectively assess main factors affecting the development of school physical education activities. The results provide a targeted scientific basis for optimizing school physical education policies, addressing regional resource differences, and teacher training strategies. The scale demonstrates strong cultural applicability and provides practical guidance for enhancing the 'Double Reduction' policy and advancing school-based physical education activities across China. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-988d945d9be6479d9e0879e1b5034f09 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-988d945d9be6479d9e0879e1b5034f092025-08-20T02:31:00ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-06-0125111210.1186/s12889-025-23231-zResearch on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validationJingtao Wu0Yi Yang1Yanhong Shao2Xiaolin Zhang3Wanli Zang4Jun Hu5School of Physical Education, Leshan Normal UniversityHumanities and Law School, Chengdu University of TechnologyXiangshui Teacher Development CenterSchool of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal UniversityPostgraduate School, Harbin Sport UniversitySchool of Physical Education, Leshan Normal UniversityAbstract Background Insufficient physical activity among adolescents is a major global public health concern, and schools are considered key venues for promoting physical activity. Teachers play a crucial role in the implementation of policies. This study adapted and validated the COM-PASS scale, based on the COM-B model, to assess its reliability and validity in the Chinese context. Methods This study validates the appropriateness of the COM-PASS scale based on the COM-B model, assessing its reliability and validity within the Chinese cultural context. A three-phase design was employed: (1) A Delphi method involving three rounds of surveys with 15 experts to refine the questionnaire's relevance and validity; (2) Cognitive interviews with 10 primary and secondary school teachers to evaluate item comprehensibility; (3) Confirmatory factor analysis of 4,033 questionnaires across China's seven major administrative regions to verify structural validity and internal consistency. Results The CFA results showed that the three-factor model fit well (χ2 = 3179.436, df = 518, CFI = 0.964, TLI = 0.956, RMSEA = 0.036), with factor loadings for all items exceeding 0.750. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the three dimensions were 0.957, 0.947, and 0.965, respectively. Path coefficient tests indicated strong explanatory power of the latent variables on the observed variables (standardized path coefficients ranged from 0.781 to 0.951). Cross-group validation demonstrated the scale's stability and applicability across different administrative regions in China. Conclusion The Chinese version of the COM-PASS scale has shown good reliability and validity among the population of Chinese primary and secondary school teachers, and it can effectively assess main factors affecting the development of school physical education activities. The results provide a targeted scientific basis for optimizing school physical education policies, addressing regional resource differences, and teacher training strategies. The scale demonstrates strong cultural applicability and provides practical guidance for enhancing the 'Double Reduction' policy and advancing school-based physical education activities across China.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23231-zCOM-B modelCOM-PASS scaleSchool sportsTeacher behaviorCapabilityOpportunity |
| spellingShingle | Jingtao Wu Yi Yang Yanhong Shao Xiaolin Zhang Wanli Zang Jun Hu Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation BMC Public Health COM-B model COM-PASS scale School sports Teacher behavior Capability Opportunity |
| title | Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation |
| title_full | Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation |
| title_fullStr | Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation |
| title_short | Research on the capability, opportunity, and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in China: a cross-group validation |
| title_sort | research on the capability opportunity and motivation of schools to conduct physical activities in china a cross group validation |
| topic | COM-B model COM-PASS scale School sports Teacher behavior Capability Opportunity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23231-z |
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