Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting
Diffusion radius is an important construction parameter, because it can significantly influence the grouting effectiveness. Theoretical models in predicting diffusion radius have been practiced, but there are still significant discrepancies between theoretical calculations and realistic results in t...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Geofluids |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7126013 |
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| author | Gaohang Lv Jian Liu Bo Han Tiantao Zhang Quanyi Xie Xueshen Zhang |
| author_facet | Gaohang Lv Jian Liu Bo Han Tiantao Zhang Quanyi Xie Xueshen Zhang |
| author_sort | Gaohang Lv |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diffusion radius is an important construction parameter, because it can significantly influence the grouting effectiveness. Theoretical models in predicting diffusion radius have been practiced, but there are still significant discrepancies between theoretical calculations and realistic results in the practical construction. One of the critical reasons for the misprediction is the time-dependent behavior of the cement grout, which is significantly affected by the water-cement ratio (W/C). Therefore, this paper experimentally and numerically studies the influence of W/C on the viscosity variation of the grout and grouting process. Firstly, the apparent viscosity of the cement grout under different W/C is tested by a rotational viscometer in a laboratory experiment. Subsequently, based on the laboratory tests, numerical models are established to investigate the influence of W/C on the diffusion process of cement grout in sand layers. According to the laboratory results, the apparent viscosity of cement grouts decreases with the increase of W/C. Besides, the apparent viscosity increases with time, while the increasing range of apparent viscosity firstly increases and then decreases as W/C increases. Based on the simulated results, when W/C changes from 0.8 to 1.1, the diffusion radius at 60 min experiences a less and less obvious increase under the given grouting pressure for permeation grouting in the sand layer. When W/C is 0.9, the relative error reaches to 37.65% at 60 min, which is slightly lower than that of 0.8. However, when W/C changes from 0.9 to 1.0, the relative error becomes very narrow (21.36%), and this figure is much lower than that of 0.8 or 0.9. The simulation results are verified by field test, and the relative error is 6%, which proves the effectiveness of the analysis. Therefore, the cement permeation model considering viscosity variation of the grout is a reasonable alternative in the real project. At the same time, the time-dependent behavior of cement grouts should be considered, especially when using cement grouts with a low water-cement ratio in the practical engineering. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9871341761fa43bd97e05e7771e96a80 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1468-8115 1468-8123 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-9871341761fa43bd97e05e7771e96a802025-08-20T03:37:22ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81151468-81232021-01-01202110.1155/2021/71260137126013Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation GroutingGaohang Lv0Jian Liu1Bo Han2Tiantao Zhang3Quanyi Xie4Xueshen Zhang5School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, ChinaDiffusion radius is an important construction parameter, because it can significantly influence the grouting effectiveness. Theoretical models in predicting diffusion radius have been practiced, but there are still significant discrepancies between theoretical calculations and realistic results in the practical construction. One of the critical reasons for the misprediction is the time-dependent behavior of the cement grout, which is significantly affected by the water-cement ratio (W/C). Therefore, this paper experimentally and numerically studies the influence of W/C on the viscosity variation of the grout and grouting process. Firstly, the apparent viscosity of the cement grout under different W/C is tested by a rotational viscometer in a laboratory experiment. Subsequently, based on the laboratory tests, numerical models are established to investigate the influence of W/C on the diffusion process of cement grout in sand layers. According to the laboratory results, the apparent viscosity of cement grouts decreases with the increase of W/C. Besides, the apparent viscosity increases with time, while the increasing range of apparent viscosity firstly increases and then decreases as W/C increases. Based on the simulated results, when W/C changes from 0.8 to 1.1, the diffusion radius at 60 min experiences a less and less obvious increase under the given grouting pressure for permeation grouting in the sand layer. When W/C is 0.9, the relative error reaches to 37.65% at 60 min, which is slightly lower than that of 0.8. However, when W/C changes from 0.9 to 1.0, the relative error becomes very narrow (21.36%), and this figure is much lower than that of 0.8 or 0.9. The simulation results are verified by field test, and the relative error is 6%, which proves the effectiveness of the analysis. Therefore, the cement permeation model considering viscosity variation of the grout is a reasonable alternative in the real project. At the same time, the time-dependent behavior of cement grouts should be considered, especially when using cement grouts with a low water-cement ratio in the practical engineering.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7126013 |
| spellingShingle | Gaohang Lv Jian Liu Bo Han Tiantao Zhang Quanyi Xie Xueshen Zhang Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting Geofluids |
| title | Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting |
| title_full | Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting |
| title_short | Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting |
| title_sort | influence of water cement ratio on viscosity variation of cement grout in permeation grouting |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7126013 |
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