Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland

The authors of this article attempt to describe in detail the determinants and structure of the beliefs and views of Polish society on a liberal to anti-liberal values continuum. The first research objective was to determine the extent of social and economic freedom that respondents expect in their...

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Main Authors: Radosław Marzęcki, Marcin Chmielowski, Kris Kaleta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek 2024-06-01
Series:Polish Political Science Yearbook
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author Radosław Marzęcki
Marcin Chmielowski
Kris Kaleta
author_facet Radosław Marzęcki
Marcin Chmielowski
Kris Kaleta
author_sort Radosław Marzęcki
collection DOAJ
description The authors of this article attempt to describe in detail the determinants and structure of the beliefs and views of Polish society on a liberal to anti-liberal values continuum. The first research objective was to determine the extent of social and economic freedom that respondents expect in their relations with others and in their relations with state institutions. In addition, the authors wanted to identify the socio-demographic characteristics that significantly differentiate these liberal orientations, as well as the factors that independently determine the adoption of liberal views. The detailed hypotheses were verified based on an analysis of data collected in a nationwide telephone survey (CATI) conducted on a representative sample of 1,000 adult Polish citizens. The survey used an original questionnaire consisting of 31 quantitative scales, which were used to construct the Liberalism/Libertarianism Index (LLI) and to categorize respondents into “Polish Liberals” and “Polish Libertarians.” Higher index values indicate stronger and more consistent liberal attitudes in economic as well as axiological (social) terms. More liberal orientations were found to be held by respondents declaring higher incomes, younger, better educated, and less religious, although only age, some party preferences, and religious practices act as independent predictors of LLI.
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issn 0208-7375
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publisher Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
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series Polish Political Science Yearbook
spelling doaj-art-9865fbec6c0f4c60aeed6ec26012bee12025-08-20T03:11:43ZengWydawnictwo Adam MarszałekPolish Political Science Yearbook0208-73752024-06-0153211113510.15804/ppsy202419Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in PolandRadosław Marzęcki0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8878Marcin Chmielowski1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6583-2260Kris Kaleta2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-560XPedagogical University of Cracow (Poland) Freedom and Entrepreneurship Foundation (Poland) Manchester Metropolitan University (United Kingdom) The authors of this article attempt to describe in detail the determinants and structure of the beliefs and views of Polish society on a liberal to anti-liberal values continuum. The first research objective was to determine the extent of social and economic freedom that respondents expect in their relations with others and in their relations with state institutions. In addition, the authors wanted to identify the socio-demographic characteristics that significantly differentiate these liberal orientations, as well as the factors that independently determine the adoption of liberal views. The detailed hypotheses were verified based on an analysis of data collected in a nationwide telephone survey (CATI) conducted on a representative sample of 1,000 adult Polish citizens. The survey used an original questionnaire consisting of 31 quantitative scales, which were used to construct the Liberalism/Libertarianism Index (LLI) and to categorize respondents into “Polish Liberals” and “Polish Libertarians.” Higher index values indicate stronger and more consistent liberal attitudes in economic as well as axiological (social) terms. More liberal orientations were found to be held by respondents declaring higher incomes, younger, better educated, and less religious, although only age, some party preferences, and religious practices act as independent predictors of LLI. liberalismlibertarianismideologyfreedomsocial liberalismeconomic liberalismpolitical attitudecorrelates of liberalism
spellingShingle Radosław Marzęcki
Marcin Chmielowski
Kris Kaleta
Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
Polish Political Science Yearbook
liberalism
libertarianism
ideology
freedom
social liberalism
economic liberalism
political attitude
correlates of liberalism
title Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
title_full Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
title_fullStr Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
title_full_unstemmed Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
title_short Liberals Among Us: Socio-Demographic Determinants of Liberal Attitudes in Poland
title_sort liberals among us socio demographic determinants of liberal attitudes in poland
topic liberalism
libertarianism
ideology
freedom
social liberalism
economic liberalism
political attitude
correlates of liberalism
work_keys_str_mv AT radosławmarzecki liberalsamongussociodemographicdeterminantsofliberalattitudesinpoland
AT marcinchmielowski liberalsamongussociodemographicdeterminantsofliberalattitudesinpoland
AT kriskaleta liberalsamongussociodemographicdeterminantsofliberalattitudesinpoland