Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches
Vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity represent the clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which is serologically characterized by the persistent positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents currently provide the mainstay of APS tr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/951424 |
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| author | Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola Tania Ubiali Pier Luigi Meroni |
| author_facet | Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola Tania Ubiali Pier Luigi Meroni |
| author_sort | Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity represent the clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which is serologically characterized by the persistent positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents currently provide the mainstay of APS treatment. However, the debate is still open: controversies involve the intensity and the duration of anticoagulation and the treatment of stroke and refractory cases. Unfortunately, the literature cannot provide definite answers to these controversial issues as it is flawed by many limitations, mainly due to the recruitment of patients not fulfilling laboratory and clinical criteria for APS. The recommended therapeutic management of different aPL-related clinical manifestations is hereby presented, with a critical appraisal of the evidence supporting such approaches. Cutting edge therapeutic strategies are also discussed, presenting the pioneer reports about the efficacy of novel pharmacological agents in APS. Thanks to a better understanding of aPL pathogenic mechanisms, new therapeutic targets will soon be explored. Much work is still to be done to unravel the most controversial issues about APS management: future studies are warranted to define the optimal management according to aPL risk profile and to assess the impact of a strict control of cardiovascular risk factors on disease control. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-98455cd3b42648639a7c8ff5a42b7bd4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-98455cd3b42648639a7c8ff5a42b7bd42025-08-20T02:09:59ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562015-01-01201510.1155/2015/951424951424Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future ApproachesCecilia Beatrice Chighizola0Tania Ubiali1Pier Luigi Meroni2Immunology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano Milanino, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, ItalyImmunology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano Milanino, ItalyVascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity represent the clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which is serologically characterized by the persistent positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents currently provide the mainstay of APS treatment. However, the debate is still open: controversies involve the intensity and the duration of anticoagulation and the treatment of stroke and refractory cases. Unfortunately, the literature cannot provide definite answers to these controversial issues as it is flawed by many limitations, mainly due to the recruitment of patients not fulfilling laboratory and clinical criteria for APS. The recommended therapeutic management of different aPL-related clinical manifestations is hereby presented, with a critical appraisal of the evidence supporting such approaches. Cutting edge therapeutic strategies are also discussed, presenting the pioneer reports about the efficacy of novel pharmacological agents in APS. Thanks to a better understanding of aPL pathogenic mechanisms, new therapeutic targets will soon be explored. Much work is still to be done to unravel the most controversial issues about APS management: future studies are warranted to define the optimal management according to aPL risk profile and to assess the impact of a strict control of cardiovascular risk factors on disease control.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/951424 |
| spellingShingle | Cecilia Beatrice Chighizola Tania Ubiali Pier Luigi Meroni Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches |
| title_full | Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches |
| title_short | Treatment of Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: The Rationale of Current Management—An Insight into Future Approaches |
| title_sort | treatment of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome the rationale of current management an insight into future approaches |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/951424 |
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