Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis

This review summarizes current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms of fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. Controlled inflammation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblasts is a key element of fibrogenesis, however, further study of the role of each of the macrophage popu...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: N. A. Efremova, V. A. Greshnyakova, L. G. Goryacheva
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Journal Infectology 2023-04-01
Series:Журнал инфектологии
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1466
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849241131510923264
author N. A. Efremova
V. A. Greshnyakova
L. G. Goryacheva
author_facet N. A. Efremova
V. A. Greshnyakova
L. G. Goryacheva
author_sort N. A. Efremova
collection DOAJ
description This review summarizes current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms of fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. Controlled inflammation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblasts is a key element of fibrogenesis, however, further study of the role of each of the macrophage populations is required. The initiation and progression of liver fibrosis is promoted by a complex interaction of different types of liver cells, mediated by cytokines, growth factors, miRNAs. Repeated cycles of apoptosis and regeneration of hepatocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Modern experimental work has proven the role of mesenchymal stem cells in liver regeneration by inhibiting the expression of the proapoptotic BAX gene. The involution of liver fibrosis is associated with monocytes of the prorestorative phenotype LY6Clow. On in vivo models, regression of fibrosis and utilization of the extracellular matrix depot by inhibition of miRNA-221-3p of hepatocytes have been proven.
format Article
id doaj-art-9839170f8f8e4c19b3abf2cbe18259df
institution Kabale University
issn 2072-6732
language Russian
publishDate 2023-04-01
publisher Journal Infectology
record_format Article
series Журнал инфектологии
spelling doaj-art-9839170f8f8e4c19b3abf2cbe18259df2025-08-20T04:00:17ZrusJournal InfectologyЖурнал инфектологии2072-67322023-04-01151162410.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-1-16-241049Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosisN. A. Efremova0V. A. Greshnyakova1L. G. Goryacheva2Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious DiseasesPediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious DiseasesPediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious DiseasesThis review summarizes current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms of fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. Controlled inflammation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblasts is a key element of fibrogenesis, however, further study of the role of each of the macrophage populations is required. The initiation and progression of liver fibrosis is promoted by a complex interaction of different types of liver cells, mediated by cytokines, growth factors, miRNAs. Repeated cycles of apoptosis and regeneration of hepatocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Modern experimental work has proven the role of mesenchymal stem cells in liver regeneration by inhibiting the expression of the proapoptotic BAX gene. The involution of liver fibrosis is associated with monocytes of the prorestorative phenotype LY6Clow. On in vivo models, regression of fibrosis and utilization of the extracellular matrix depot by inhibition of miRNA-221-3p of hepatocytes have been proven.https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1466liver fibrosispathogenesis of liver fibrosisstellate cellsmyofibroblastsmesenchymal stem cellscytokinesmirnaregeneration of liver fibrosisregression of liver fibrosis
spellingShingle N. A. Efremova
V. A. Greshnyakova
L. G. Goryacheva
Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
Журнал инфектологии
liver fibrosis
pathogenesis of liver fibrosis
stellate cells
myofibroblasts
mesenchymal stem cells
cytokines
mirna
regeneration of liver fibrosis
regression of liver fibrosis
title Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
title_full Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
title_fullStr Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
title_full_unstemmed Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
title_short Modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
title_sort modern concepts on pathogenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis
topic liver fibrosis
pathogenesis of liver fibrosis
stellate cells
myofibroblasts
mesenchymal stem cells
cytokines
mirna
regeneration of liver fibrosis
regression of liver fibrosis
url https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1466
work_keys_str_mv AT naefremova modernconceptsonpathogeneticmechanismsofliverfibrosis
AT vagreshnyakova modernconceptsonpathogeneticmechanismsofliverfibrosis
AT lggoryacheva modernconceptsonpathogeneticmechanismsofliverfibrosis