Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities

The goal of the present article is to examine asymmetries in sign and size among spot and futures prices in the markets of agricultural commodities of corn, hard red wheat, and soybeans. Daily observations of spot and futures prices for the three agricultural commodities and the econometric tool of...

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Main Author: Dimitrios Panagiotou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Modern Finance Institute 2025-07-01
Series:Modern Finance
Subjects:
Online Access:https://mf-journal.com/article/view/254
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author Dimitrios Panagiotou
author_facet Dimitrios Panagiotou
author_sort Dimitrios Panagiotou
collection DOAJ
description The goal of the present article is to examine asymmetries in sign and size among spot and futures prices in the markets of agricultural commodities of corn, hard red wheat, and soybeans. Daily observations of spot and futures prices for the three agricultural commodities and the econometric tool of local linear regressions have been utilized. The empirical results were obtained for the period between January 2000 and the end of March 2025. The empirical results reveal evidence of asymmetric dependence in sign and size, at the very extremes of the distribution, under extreme negative changes for the commodity of corn and under extreme positive changes for the commodity of soybeans. Accordingly, extreme price increases/decreases of different signs but of the same absolute magnitude are transmitted from futures to spot prices with different intensity. Moreover, large price shocks in value are transmitted from futures to spot prices more forcefully compared to smaller ones. Evidence of sign and size asymmetries might greatly help diversify the traders’ investment risk.
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spelling doaj-art-982bbec83d214947bc1c52c170e97b462025-08-20T03:12:27ZengModern Finance InstituteModern Finance2956-77422025-07-013310.61351/mf.v3i3.254Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commoditiesDimitrios Panagiotou0University of Ioannina The goal of the present article is to examine asymmetries in sign and size among spot and futures prices in the markets of agricultural commodities of corn, hard red wheat, and soybeans. Daily observations of spot and futures prices for the three agricultural commodities and the econometric tool of local linear regressions have been utilized. The empirical results were obtained for the period between January 2000 and the end of March 2025. The empirical results reveal evidence of asymmetric dependence in sign and size, at the very extremes of the distribution, under extreme negative changes for the commodity of corn and under extreme positive changes for the commodity of soybeans. Accordingly, extreme price increases/decreases of different signs but of the same absolute magnitude are transmitted from futures to spot prices with different intensity. Moreover, large price shocks in value are transmitted from futures to spot prices more forcefully compared to smaller ones. Evidence of sign and size asymmetries might greatly help diversify the traders’ investment risk. https://mf-journal.com/article/view/254asymmetriespricesfuturesagricultural commoditiesinvestors
spellingShingle Dimitrios Panagiotou
Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
Modern Finance
asymmetries
prices
futures
agricultural commodities
investors
title Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
title_full Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
title_fullStr Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
title_full_unstemmed Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
title_short Sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
title_sort sign and size asymmetries between futures and spot prices in the markets of agricultural commodities
topic asymmetries
prices
futures
agricultural commodities
investors
url https://mf-journal.com/article/view/254
work_keys_str_mv AT dimitriospanagiotou signandsizeasymmetriesbetweenfuturesandspotpricesinthemarketsofagriculturalcommodities