Persistent and robust antibody responses to ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine observed in Ugandans across varied baseline immune profiles.
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody responses in varied antigenic and serological prior exposures can guide optimal vaccination strategies for enhanced immunogenicity. We evaluated spike (S)-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody optical densities (ODs) and concentrations to the two-dose...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303113 |
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| Summary: | Understanding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody responses in varied antigenic and serological prior exposures can guide optimal vaccination strategies for enhanced immunogenicity. We evaluated spike (S)-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody optical densities (ODs) and concentrations to the two-dose ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in 67 Ugandans, categorised by prior infection and baseline S-IgG histories: uninfected and S-IgG-negative (n = 12); previously infected yet S-IgG-negative (n = 17); and previously infected with S-IgG-positive status (n = 38). Antibody dynamics were compared across eight timepoints from baseline till nine months. S-IgG antibodies remained consistently potent across all groups. Individuals with prior infections maintained robust S-IgG levels, underscoring the endurance of hybrid immunity. In contrast, those without prior exposure experienced an initial surge in S-IgG after the primary dose but no subsequent significant increase post-boost. However, they reached levels parallel to the previously exposed groups. S-IgM levels remained moderate, while S-IgA persisted in individuals with prior antigen exposure. ChAdOx1-S, Covishield vaccine elicited robust and sustained antibody responses in recipients, irrespective of their initial immune profiles. Hybrid immunity showed higher responses, aligning with global observations. Early post-vaccination antibody levels could predict long-term immunity, particularly in individuals without virus exposure. These findings can inform vaccine strategies and pandemic management. |
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |