Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study

BackgroundCarotid atherosclerosis (CAS), a key precipitator of cardiovascular incidents, is linked to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), as reflected by elevated triglycerides (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC). This study explores the oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) for its predictive...

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Main Authors: Yilin Hou, Peipei Tian, Guangyao Song, An Song, Dandan Liu, Zhimin Wang, Yihe Shi, Yale Tang, Xiaoyu Wang, Luxuan Li, Luping Ren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Endocrinology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1502792/full
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author Yilin Hou
Yilin Hou
Peipei Tian
Peipei Tian
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
An Song
Dandan Liu
Dandan Liu
Zhimin Wang
Zhimin Wang
Yihe Shi
Yihe Shi
Yale Tang
Yale Tang
Xiaoyu Wang
Xiaoyu Wang
Luxuan Li
Luxuan Li
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
author_facet Yilin Hou
Yilin Hou
Peipei Tian
Peipei Tian
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
An Song
Dandan Liu
Dandan Liu
Zhimin Wang
Zhimin Wang
Yihe Shi
Yihe Shi
Yale Tang
Yale Tang
Xiaoyu Wang
Xiaoyu Wang
Luxuan Li
Luxuan Li
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
author_sort Yilin Hou
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundCarotid atherosclerosis (CAS), a key precipitator of cardiovascular incidents, is linked to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), as reflected by elevated triglycerides (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC). This study explores the oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) for its predictive value in CAS, using postprandial TRL levels as a diagnostic biomarker.MethodsA total of 107 volunteers with normal fasting lipid profiles and no CAS at baseline were included. They received an OFTT after consuming a meal containing 60% fat (1500 kcal). Serum lipid profiles were monitored at fasting and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h postprandially. The participants were categorized into postprandial normotriglyceridemia and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia groups based on their postprandial TG levels. After a 6-year follow-up, fasting lipid profiles and CAS status were reassessed. The baseline fasting and postprandial lipid levels in the CAS and non-CAS groups were compared. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the postprandial lipid profiles across different groups. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the effects of postprandial TG and RC levels on CAS incidence.ResultsThe incidence of CAS in the postprandial hypertriglyceridemia group was 66.0%, which was significantly higher than the 13.3% observed in the postprandial normotriglyceridemia group (P < 0.001). In the CAS group, postprandial TG and RC levels peaked 4 h after a high-fat meal and did not return to fasting levels, even after 10 h. The levels of 4h-postprandial TG (TG4h), maximum postprandial TG (TGmax), 4h-postprandial RC (RC4h), and maximum postprandial RC (RCmax) were significantly higher in the CAS group than in the non-CAS group (P < 0.05). At baseline, TG4h (P < 0.001), TGmax (P = 0.006), RC4h (P < 0.001), and RCmax (P = 0.003) were statistically significant predictors of CAS, whereas fasting TG (P = 0.200) and fasting RC (P = 0.200) were not significantly associated with CAS.ConclusionThe standardized OFTT has predictive value for CAS, and elevated TRL levels after a high-fat meal in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles may serve as an early marker for CAS.
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spelling doaj-art-97f4177155c24a5ebbab0969aa9cb6e52025-08-20T03:11:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-02-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15027921502792Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up studyYilin Hou0Yilin Hou1Peipei Tian2Peipei Tian3Guangyao Song4Guangyao Song5Guangyao Song6An Song7Dandan Liu8Dandan Liu9Zhimin Wang10Zhimin Wang11Yihe Shi12Yihe Shi13Yale Tang14Yale Tang15Xiaoyu Wang16Xiaoyu Wang17Luxuan Li18Luxuan Li19Luping Ren20Luping Ren21Luping Ren22Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaBackgroundCarotid atherosclerosis (CAS), a key precipitator of cardiovascular incidents, is linked to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), as reflected by elevated triglycerides (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC). This study explores the oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) for its predictive value in CAS, using postprandial TRL levels as a diagnostic biomarker.MethodsA total of 107 volunteers with normal fasting lipid profiles and no CAS at baseline were included. They received an OFTT after consuming a meal containing 60% fat (1500 kcal). Serum lipid profiles were monitored at fasting and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h postprandially. The participants were categorized into postprandial normotriglyceridemia and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia groups based on their postprandial TG levels. After a 6-year follow-up, fasting lipid profiles and CAS status were reassessed. The baseline fasting and postprandial lipid levels in the CAS and non-CAS groups were compared. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the postprandial lipid profiles across different groups. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the effects of postprandial TG and RC levels on CAS incidence.ResultsThe incidence of CAS in the postprandial hypertriglyceridemia group was 66.0%, which was significantly higher than the 13.3% observed in the postprandial normotriglyceridemia group (P < 0.001). In the CAS group, postprandial TG and RC levels peaked 4 h after a high-fat meal and did not return to fasting levels, even after 10 h. The levels of 4h-postprandial TG (TG4h), maximum postprandial TG (TGmax), 4h-postprandial RC (RC4h), and maximum postprandial RC (RCmax) were significantly higher in the CAS group than in the non-CAS group (P < 0.05). At baseline, TG4h (P < 0.001), TGmax (P = 0.006), RC4h (P < 0.001), and RCmax (P = 0.003) were statistically significant predictors of CAS, whereas fasting TG (P = 0.200) and fasting RC (P = 0.200) were not significantly associated with CAS.ConclusionThe standardized OFTT has predictive value for CAS, and elevated TRL levels after a high-fat meal in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles may serve as an early marker for CAS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1502792/fullatherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasecarotid atherosclerosisremnant cholesteroltriglyceridespostprandialoral fat tolerance test
spellingShingle Yilin Hou
Yilin Hou
Peipei Tian
Peipei Tian
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
Guangyao Song
An Song
Dandan Liu
Dandan Liu
Zhimin Wang
Zhimin Wang
Yihe Shi
Yihe Shi
Yale Tang
Yale Tang
Xiaoyu Wang
Xiaoyu Wang
Luxuan Li
Luxuan Li
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
Luping Ren
Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
Frontiers in Endocrinology
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
carotid atherosclerosis
remnant cholesterol
triglycerides
postprandial
oral fat tolerance test
title Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
title_full Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
title_fullStr Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
title_full_unstemmed Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
title_short Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study
title_sort postprandial triglyceride rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles a prospective follow up study
topic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
carotid atherosclerosis
remnant cholesterol
triglycerides
postprandial
oral fat tolerance test
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1502792/full
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