Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings

In this study, laser melting experiments of Ni60/WC composite powder coatings were carried out using a laser, and the surface morphology and microstructure of the coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, h...

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Main Authors: Jianwen Zhang, Gui Wang, Jingquan Wu, Jiang Huang, Wenqing Shi, Fenju An, Xianglin Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Lubricants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/222
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author Jianwen Zhang
Gui Wang
Jingquan Wu
Jiang Huang
Wenqing Shi
Fenju An
Xianglin Wu
author_facet Jianwen Zhang
Gui Wang
Jingquan Wu
Jiang Huang
Wenqing Shi
Fenju An
Xianglin Wu
author_sort Jianwen Zhang
collection DOAJ
description In this study, laser melting experiments of Ni60/WC composite powder coatings were carried out using a laser, and the surface morphology and microstructure of the coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, hardness testing equipment was used to assess the hardness of the coatings and an electrochemical workstation was used to characterize their corrosion resistance. The key findings demonstrate substantial variations in coating performance based on remelting parameters. The coatings processed without secondary laser remelting exhibited an average hardness of 501.36 (standard deviation 154.46) HV<sub>0.2</sub>, a self-corrosion potential of −0.039 V, and a self-corrosion current density of 8.11 × 10<sup>−4</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. In contrast, some coatings were subjected to secondary remelting at 800 mm/min (S 800). The laser is used to scan the surface of the cladding with the laser on the surface of the cladding, and the speed is the feed rate of the laser scanning. XRD analysis revealed intensified main peaks, indicative of elevated solid solution and carbide content. SEM micrographs displayed fishbone-like and feather-like morphologies, with the hardness increasing to 622.98 (standard deviation 9.60) HV<sub>0.2</sub> and the corrosion metrics improving to −0.038 V and 2.86 × 10<sup>−5</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. In contrast, coatings remelted at 600 mm/min (S600) exhibited broader but less intense XDR peaks, alongside diminished reticulation in SEM imagery. These samples demonstrated marginally lower hardness 599.91 (standard deviation 8.35) HV<sub>0.2</sub> but superior corrosion resistance, with a self-corrosion potential of −0.012 V and current density of 2.64 × 10<sup>−5</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. The results underscore the critical influence of laser scanning velocity and remelting frequency on microstructural evolution, mechanical strength, and electrochemical stability. Enhanced hardness correlates with refined microstructural features, while enhanced corrosion resistance arises from reduced defect density and stabilized electrochemical activity.
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publisher MDPI AG
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series Lubricants
spelling doaj-art-97f379bdf9264cf994e624f9a1da0dfe2025-08-20T03:14:35ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422025-05-0113522210.3390/lubricants13050222Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite CoatingsJianwen Zhang0Gui Wang1Jingquan Wu2Jiang Huang3Wenqing Shi4Fenju An5Xianglin Wu6School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Materials and Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang 529500, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaIn this study, laser melting experiments of Ni60/WC composite powder coatings were carried out using a laser, and the surface morphology and microstructure of the coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, hardness testing equipment was used to assess the hardness of the coatings and an electrochemical workstation was used to characterize their corrosion resistance. The key findings demonstrate substantial variations in coating performance based on remelting parameters. The coatings processed without secondary laser remelting exhibited an average hardness of 501.36 (standard deviation 154.46) HV<sub>0.2</sub>, a self-corrosion potential of −0.039 V, and a self-corrosion current density of 8.11 × 10<sup>−4</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. In contrast, some coatings were subjected to secondary remelting at 800 mm/min (S 800). The laser is used to scan the surface of the cladding with the laser on the surface of the cladding, and the speed is the feed rate of the laser scanning. XRD analysis revealed intensified main peaks, indicative of elevated solid solution and carbide content. SEM micrographs displayed fishbone-like and feather-like morphologies, with the hardness increasing to 622.98 (standard deviation 9.60) HV<sub>0.2</sub> and the corrosion metrics improving to −0.038 V and 2.86 × 10<sup>−5</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. In contrast, coatings remelted at 600 mm/min (S600) exhibited broader but less intense XDR peaks, alongside diminished reticulation in SEM imagery. These samples demonstrated marginally lower hardness 599.91 (standard deviation 8.35) HV<sub>0.2</sub> but superior corrosion resistance, with a self-corrosion potential of −0.012 V and current density of 2.64 × 10<sup>−5</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. The results underscore the critical influence of laser scanning velocity and remelting frequency on microstructural evolution, mechanical strength, and electrochemical stability. Enhanced hardness correlates with refined microstructural features, while enhanced corrosion resistance arises from reduced defect density and stabilized electrochemical activity.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/222laser claddingNi60/WCremeltinghardness
spellingShingle Jianwen Zhang
Gui Wang
Jingquan Wu
Jiang Huang
Wenqing Shi
Fenju An
Xianglin Wu
Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
Lubricants
laser cladding
Ni60/WC
remelting
hardness
title Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
title_full Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
title_fullStr Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
title_full_unstemmed Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
title_short Study on Secondary Remelting Modification of Laser Cladding Ni60/WC Composite Coatings
title_sort study on secondary remelting modification of laser cladding ni60 wc composite coatings
topic laser cladding
Ni60/WC
remelting
hardness
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/13/5/222
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AT jianghuang studyonsecondaryremeltingmodificationoflasercladdingni60wccompositecoatings
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