Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia

Maluku, Indonesia, has essential oil (EO) producing plants, namely eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendron), which are spread throughout the island. This study aims to determine the effect of geographical location on EO’s yield and chemical composition. The eucalyptus oil isolation method uses steam dist...

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Main Authors: Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis, Souhoka Fensia Analda, Rosmawaty, Jani Arnatasya Umaresha Bin, Jelita Wulan Purnama, Silahooy Veince B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2025-07-01
Series:Open Chemistry
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0172
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author Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis
Souhoka Fensia Analda
Rosmawaty
Jani Arnatasya Umaresha Bin
Jelita Wulan Purnama
Silahooy Veince B.
author_facet Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis
Souhoka Fensia Analda
Rosmawaty
Jani Arnatasya Umaresha Bin
Jelita Wulan Purnama
Silahooy Veince B.
author_sort Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis
collection DOAJ
description Maluku, Indonesia, has essential oil (EO) producing plants, namely eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendron), which are spread throughout the island. This study aims to determine the effect of geographical location on EO’s yield and chemical composition. The eucalyptus oil isolation method uses steam distillation and chemical composition analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that the yield of EO from wilted leaf samples on Buru Island for point B1 = 1.35%; B2 = 1.19; B3 = 1.52; B4 = 1.88%; B5 = 2.13% and from Seram Island for point S1 = 0.71%; S2 = 1.02%; S3 = 0.78; S4 = 0.8%; and S5 = 1.01%. The yield of EO in the lowlands is higher on Buru Island in the lowlands (23.04 masl) and on Seram Island (46 masl). The levels of 1,8-cineole in EO for both island plains ranged from 26.89 to 47.32% and α-pinene levels between 3.84 and 43.45%. Minor compounds found on both islands are d-limonene, β-pinene, and cymene. There are minor compound components that are only found on each island. The geographical conditions of eucalyptus plants affect the quality and quantity of EOs. At higher locations, temperatures tend to be lower, which affects plant metabolism and produces less oil. The eucalyptus plantation area on Seram Island has high humidity, so the yield of EO is lower.
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spelling doaj-art-97ec8ce08f3a42bb91bf26561c7e11782025-08-20T03:27:18ZengDe GruyterOpen Chemistry2391-54202025-07-012310120217010.1515/chem-2025-0172Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, IndonesiaKapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis0Souhoka Fensia Analda1Rosmawaty2Jani Arnatasya Umaresha Bin3Jelita Wulan Purnama4Silahooy Veince B.5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaOrganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaOrganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattimura University, Maluku, IndonesiaMaluku, Indonesia, has essential oil (EO) producing plants, namely eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendron), which are spread throughout the island. This study aims to determine the effect of geographical location on EO’s yield and chemical composition. The eucalyptus oil isolation method uses steam distillation and chemical composition analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that the yield of EO from wilted leaf samples on Buru Island for point B1 = 1.35%; B2 = 1.19; B3 = 1.52; B4 = 1.88%; B5 = 2.13% and from Seram Island for point S1 = 0.71%; S2 = 1.02%; S3 = 0.78; S4 = 0.8%; and S5 = 1.01%. The yield of EO in the lowlands is higher on Buru Island in the lowlands (23.04 masl) and on Seram Island (46 masl). The levels of 1,8-cineole in EO for both island plains ranged from 26.89 to 47.32% and α-pinene levels between 3.84 and 43.45%. Minor compounds found on both islands are d-limonene, β-pinene, and cymene. There are minor compound components that are only found on each island. The geographical conditions of eucalyptus plants affect the quality and quantity of EOs. At higher locations, temperatures tend to be lower, which affects plant metabolism and produces less oil. The eucalyptus plantation area on Seram Island has high humidity, so the yield of EO is lower.https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0172chemical compositioneucalyptusmelaleuca leucadendronessential oil
spellingShingle Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis
Souhoka Fensia Analda
Rosmawaty
Jani Arnatasya Umaresha Bin
Jelita Wulan Purnama
Silahooy Veince B.
Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
Open Chemistry
chemical composition
eucalyptus
melaleuca leucadendron
essential oil
title Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
title_full Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
title_fullStr Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
title_short Chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendron) plantations in Buru Island and Seram Island, Maluku, Indonesia
title_sort chemical composition of essential oils reviewed from the height of cajuput melaleuca leucadendron plantations in buru island and seram island maluku indonesia
topic chemical composition
eucalyptus
melaleuca leucadendron
essential oil
url https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2025-0172
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