A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States

One of the complications of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is hypercoagulability. For this reason, patients presenting with COVID-19 are often put on therapeutic or intermediate anticoagulation upon hospitalization. A common issue of this anticoagulation is the progression to hypocoag...

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Main Authors: Anthony V. Thomas, Kevin P. Lin, John E. Stillson, Connor M. Bunch, Jacob Speybroeck, Grant Wiarda, Hamid Al-Fadhl, Laura Gillespie, Mahmud Zamlut, Daniel H. Fulkerson, Rashid Z. Khan, Hau C. Kwaan, Mark M. Walsh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Case Reports in Medicine
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5568982
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author Anthony V. Thomas
Kevin P. Lin
John E. Stillson
Connor M. Bunch
Jacob Speybroeck
Grant Wiarda
Hamid Al-Fadhl
Laura Gillespie
Mahmud Zamlut
Daniel H. Fulkerson
Rashid Z. Khan
Hau C. Kwaan
Mark M. Walsh
author_facet Anthony V. Thomas
Kevin P. Lin
John E. Stillson
Connor M. Bunch
Jacob Speybroeck
Grant Wiarda
Hamid Al-Fadhl
Laura Gillespie
Mahmud Zamlut
Daniel H. Fulkerson
Rashid Z. Khan
Hau C. Kwaan
Mark M. Walsh
author_sort Anthony V. Thomas
collection DOAJ
description One of the complications of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is hypercoagulability. For this reason, patients presenting with COVID-19 are often put on therapeutic or intermediate anticoagulation upon hospitalization. A common issue of this anticoagulation is the progression to hypocoagulability resulting in hemorrhage. Therefore, monitoring the hemostatic integrity of critically ill COVID-19 patients is of utmost importance. In this case series, we present the cases of three coagulopathic COVID-19 patients whose anticoagulation was guided by thromboelastography (TEG). In each case, TEG permitted the clinical team to simultaneously prevent thrombotic and hemorrhagic events, a difficult task for COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The first two cases illustrate the utility of TEG to guide anticoagulant dosing for COVID-19 patients when the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is inaccurate. The first case was a severely ill COVID-19 patient with end-stage renal disease and a falsely elevated aPTT secondary to hypertriglyceridemia. The second case was a severely ill COVID-19 patient with chronic pulmonary disease who demonstrated a falsely elevated aPTT due to polycythemia and hemoconcentration. In both cases, TEG was sensitive to the hypercoagulability caused by the metabolic derangements which enabled the goal-directed titration of anticoagulants. The last case depicts a severely ill COVID-19 patient with an inherited factor V Leiden mutation who required abnormally high dosing to achieve therapeutic anticoagulation, guided by TEG. Hypercoagulopathic COVID-19 patients are difficult to anticoagulate without development of hypocoagulopathy. Treatment of these patients demands goal-directed therapy by diligent laboratory monitoring. This can be accomplished by the use of TEG coupled with aPTT to guide anticoagulation. This case series illustrates the necessity for active hemostatic monitoring of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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spelling doaj-art-97e923bf7c4646fdb9c2c6e18f10772e2025-08-20T02:10:07ZengWileyCase Reports in Medicine1687-96271687-96352021-01-01202110.1155/2021/55689825568982A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable StatesAnthony V. Thomas0Kevin P. Lin1John E. Stillson2Connor M. Bunch3Jacob Speybroeck4Grant Wiarda5Hamid Al-Fadhl6Laura Gillespie7Mahmud Zamlut8Daniel H. Fulkerson9Rashid Z. Khan10Hau C. Kwaan11Mark M. Walsh12Indiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USAIndiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USAIndiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USAIndiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USAIndiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USADepartments of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Regional Medical Center, Mishawaka, IN, USADepartments of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Regional Medical Center, Mishawaka, IN, USADepartment of Quality and Performance Improvement, Saint Joseph Regional Medical Center, Mishawaka, IN, USADepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Saint Joseph Regional Medical Center, Mishawaka, IN, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Saint Joseph Regional Medical Center, Mishawaka, IN, USADepartment of Hematology, Michiana Hematology Oncology, Mishawaka, IN, USADivision of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USAIndiana University School of Medicine South Bend Campus, South Bend, IN, USAOne of the complications of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is hypercoagulability. For this reason, patients presenting with COVID-19 are often put on therapeutic or intermediate anticoagulation upon hospitalization. A common issue of this anticoagulation is the progression to hypocoagulability resulting in hemorrhage. Therefore, monitoring the hemostatic integrity of critically ill COVID-19 patients is of utmost importance. In this case series, we present the cases of three coagulopathic COVID-19 patients whose anticoagulation was guided by thromboelastography (TEG). In each case, TEG permitted the clinical team to simultaneously prevent thrombotic and hemorrhagic events, a difficult task for COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The first two cases illustrate the utility of TEG to guide anticoagulant dosing for COVID-19 patients when the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is inaccurate. The first case was a severely ill COVID-19 patient with end-stage renal disease and a falsely elevated aPTT secondary to hypertriglyceridemia. The second case was a severely ill COVID-19 patient with chronic pulmonary disease who demonstrated a falsely elevated aPTT due to polycythemia and hemoconcentration. In both cases, TEG was sensitive to the hypercoagulability caused by the metabolic derangements which enabled the goal-directed titration of anticoagulants. The last case depicts a severely ill COVID-19 patient with an inherited factor V Leiden mutation who required abnormally high dosing to achieve therapeutic anticoagulation, guided by TEG. Hypercoagulopathic COVID-19 patients are difficult to anticoagulate without development of hypocoagulopathy. Treatment of these patients demands goal-directed therapy by diligent laboratory monitoring. This can be accomplished by the use of TEG coupled with aPTT to guide anticoagulation. This case series illustrates the necessity for active hemostatic monitoring of critically ill COVID-19 patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5568982
spellingShingle Anthony V. Thomas
Kevin P. Lin
John E. Stillson
Connor M. Bunch
Jacob Speybroeck
Grant Wiarda
Hamid Al-Fadhl
Laura Gillespie
Mahmud Zamlut
Daniel H. Fulkerson
Rashid Z. Khan
Hau C. Kwaan
Mark M. Walsh
A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
Case Reports in Medicine
title A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
title_full A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
title_fullStr A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
title_full_unstemmed A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
title_short A Case Series of Thromboelastography-Guided Anticoagulation in COVID-19 Patients with Inherited and Acquired Hypercoagulable States
title_sort case series of thromboelastography guided anticoagulation in covid 19 patients with inherited and acquired hypercoagulable states
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5568982
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