Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens

Plant defensin (PDF/DEF), an important pathogenesis-related protein which widely exists in plants, displays broad-spectrum antifungal activities. To date, however, reports on the banana PDFs are very limited. In this study, we identified, cloned, and characterized the five Class I <i>PDFs</...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruide Li, Bin Wang, Huan Wu, Chunzhen Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Horticulturae
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/5/513
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849710842135707648
author Ruide Li
Bin Wang
Huan Wu
Chunzhen Cheng
author_facet Ruide Li
Bin Wang
Huan Wu
Chunzhen Cheng
author_sort Ruide Li
collection DOAJ
description Plant defensin (PDF/DEF), an important pathogenesis-related protein which widely exists in plants, displays broad-spectrum antifungal activities. To date, however, reports on the banana PDFs are very limited. In this study, we identified, cloned, and characterized the five Class I <i>PDFs</i> (<i>MaPDF2.1~MaPDF2.5</i>) in banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>). Further, their expression in root, corm, leaf, and fruit were studied. <i>MaPDFs</i> exhibited quite different expression patterns in different organs, with <i>MaPDF2.2</i> as the only member expressing in all the tested organs, and its expression levels in all organs were the highest among all <i>MaPDFs</i>. The <i>MaPDF2.2</i> expression could be significantly upregulated by both low- and high-temperature stresses but significantly downregulated by the inoculations of plant growth promoting endophytic fungus <i>Serendipita indica</i> and banana Fusarium wilt (FW) pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> (<i>Foc</i>) Tropical race 4 (<i>Foc</i>TR4). Moreover, the <i>S. indica</i> pre-colonization could significantly alleviate the suppression of <i>Foc</i>TR4 on <i>MaPDF2.2</i>, suggesting that this <i>MaPDF</i> might contribute greatly to the <i>S. indica</i>-enhanced FW resistance. By using tobacco leaf transient overexpression, the function of <i>MaPDF2.2</i> was investigated. Its overexpression significantly inhibited the infection of <i>Foc</i> race 1 (<i>Foc</i>1) and <i>Foc</i>TR4 in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal ability assays revealed that the recombinant His-MaPDF2.2 protein could significantly inhibit the growth of <i>Foc</i>1 and <i>Foc</i>TR4, as well as the pigment accumulation of <i>Foc</i>1. Our study revealed the sequence and expression characteristics of banana <i>PDFs</i> and demonstrated the antifungal ability of MaPDF2.2 to FW pathogens.
format Article
id doaj-art-97e727780d8b415489c3dfbbc2352bbb
institution DOAJ
issn 2311-7524
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Horticulturae
spelling doaj-art-97e727780d8b415489c3dfbbc2352bbb2025-08-20T03:14:46ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-05-0111551310.3390/horticulturae11050513Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt PathogensRuide Li0Bin Wang1Huan Wu2Chunzhen Cheng3College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaPlant defensin (PDF/DEF), an important pathogenesis-related protein which widely exists in plants, displays broad-spectrum antifungal activities. To date, however, reports on the banana PDFs are very limited. In this study, we identified, cloned, and characterized the five Class I <i>PDFs</i> (<i>MaPDF2.1~MaPDF2.5</i>) in banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>). Further, their expression in root, corm, leaf, and fruit were studied. <i>MaPDFs</i> exhibited quite different expression patterns in different organs, with <i>MaPDF2.2</i> as the only member expressing in all the tested organs, and its expression levels in all organs were the highest among all <i>MaPDFs</i>. The <i>MaPDF2.2</i> expression could be significantly upregulated by both low- and high-temperature stresses but significantly downregulated by the inoculations of plant growth promoting endophytic fungus <i>Serendipita indica</i> and banana Fusarium wilt (FW) pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> (<i>Foc</i>) Tropical race 4 (<i>Foc</i>TR4). Moreover, the <i>S. indica</i> pre-colonization could significantly alleviate the suppression of <i>Foc</i>TR4 on <i>MaPDF2.2</i>, suggesting that this <i>MaPDF</i> might contribute greatly to the <i>S. indica</i>-enhanced FW resistance. By using tobacco leaf transient overexpression, the function of <i>MaPDF2.2</i> was investigated. Its overexpression significantly inhibited the infection of <i>Foc</i> race 1 (<i>Foc</i>1) and <i>Foc</i>TR4 in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal ability assays revealed that the recombinant His-MaPDF2.2 protein could significantly inhibit the growth of <i>Foc</i>1 and <i>Foc</i>TR4, as well as the pigment accumulation of <i>Foc</i>1. Our study revealed the sequence and expression characteristics of banana <i>PDFs</i> and demonstrated the antifungal ability of MaPDF2.2 to FW pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/5/513plant defensinbanana Fusarium wiltgene expression analysisprokaryotic expressionantifungal ability
spellingShingle Ruide Li
Bin Wang
Huan Wu
Chunzhen Cheng
Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
Horticulturae
plant defensin
banana Fusarium wilt
gene expression analysis
prokaryotic expression
antifungal ability
title Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
title_full Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
title_fullStr Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
title_short Characterization of Plant Defensin (<i>PDF</i>) Genes in Banana (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) Reveals the Antifungal Ability of MaPDF2.2 to Fusarium Wilt Pathogens
title_sort characterization of plant defensin i pdf i genes in banana i musa acuminata i reveals the antifungal ability of mapdf2 2 to fusarium wilt pathogens
topic plant defensin
banana Fusarium wilt
gene expression analysis
prokaryotic expression
antifungal ability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/5/513
work_keys_str_mv AT ruideli characterizationofplantdefensinipdfigenesinbananaimusaacuminatairevealstheantifungalabilityofmapdf22tofusariumwiltpathogens
AT binwang characterizationofplantdefensinipdfigenesinbananaimusaacuminatairevealstheantifungalabilityofmapdf22tofusariumwiltpathogens
AT huanwu characterizationofplantdefensinipdfigenesinbananaimusaacuminatairevealstheantifungalabilityofmapdf22tofusariumwiltpathogens
AT chunzhencheng characterizationofplantdefensinipdfigenesinbananaimusaacuminatairevealstheantifungalabilityofmapdf22tofusariumwiltpathogens