Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft
As the use of unpowered ventilation caps continues to grow, it has the potential to be used in vertical shaft natural ventilation tunnel. However, smoke control mechanism of tunnel fire with the influence of unpowered ventilation caps need further study. This study explores how lateral ambient wind...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X2500036X |
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| author | Weikang Liang Yuan Wang Zhonghao Wen Min Hao Ru Zhou Juncheng Jiang |
| author_facet | Weikang Liang Yuan Wang Zhonghao Wen Min Hao Ru Zhou Juncheng Jiang |
| author_sort | Weikang Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the use of unpowered ventilation caps continues to grow, it has the potential to be used in vertical shaft natural ventilation tunnel. However, smoke control mechanism of tunnel fire with the influence of unpowered ventilation caps need further study. This study explores how lateral ambient wind speed affects the behavior of smoke during tunnel fires with unpowered ventilation caps shaft. A 1:15 scale model tunnel with a vertical shaft is used to analyze lateral and longitudinal wind effects. And, the difference of smoke behavior in tunnel with or without unpowered ventilation caps shaft is compared. Unpowered ventilation caps reduce the average maximum ceiling temperature elevation by 10 % near the shaft compared to shafts without them. As lateral ambient wind speed increases, the maximum temperature elevation decreases gradually. Additionally, unpowered ventilation caps improve smoke exhaust efficiency, doubling the mass flow rate, which further increases with higher lateral wind speeds. A model is developed to predict the relationship between lateral wind speed and smoke exhaust efficiency for shafts with unpowered ventilation caps. The results can provide valuable insights for fire safety design in naturally ventilated tunnels and for evaluating the potential use of unpowered ventilation caps. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-97c2849c22864c51ae3e242842107455 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-157X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-97c2849c22864c51ae3e2428421074552025-02-02T05:27:26ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-02-0166105776Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaftWeikang Liang0Yuan Wang1Zhonghao Wen2Min Hao3Ru Zhou4Juncheng Jiang5College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, ChinaCollege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, ChinaCollege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, ChinaCollege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China; Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, China; Corresponding author. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China; Jiangsu Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210042, China; Corresponding author. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, ChinaAs the use of unpowered ventilation caps continues to grow, it has the potential to be used in vertical shaft natural ventilation tunnel. However, smoke control mechanism of tunnel fire with the influence of unpowered ventilation caps need further study. This study explores how lateral ambient wind speed affects the behavior of smoke during tunnel fires with unpowered ventilation caps shaft. A 1:15 scale model tunnel with a vertical shaft is used to analyze lateral and longitudinal wind effects. And, the difference of smoke behavior in tunnel with or without unpowered ventilation caps shaft is compared. Unpowered ventilation caps reduce the average maximum ceiling temperature elevation by 10 % near the shaft compared to shafts without them. As lateral ambient wind speed increases, the maximum temperature elevation decreases gradually. Additionally, unpowered ventilation caps improve smoke exhaust efficiency, doubling the mass flow rate, which further increases with higher lateral wind speeds. A model is developed to predict the relationship between lateral wind speed and smoke exhaust efficiency for shafts with unpowered ventilation caps. The results can provide valuable insights for fire safety design in naturally ventilated tunnels and for evaluating the potential use of unpowered ventilation caps.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X2500036XTunnel fireNatural ventilation shaftLateral ambient windUnpowered ventilation capSmoke spread behavior |
| spellingShingle | Weikang Liang Yuan Wang Zhonghao Wen Min Hao Ru Zhou Juncheng Jiang Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Tunnel fire Natural ventilation shaft Lateral ambient wind Unpowered ventilation cap Smoke spread behavior |
| title | Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| title_full | Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| title_fullStr | Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| title_short | Influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| title_sort | influence of lateral ambient wind speed on fire smoke behavior in tunnel with unpowered ventilation caps shaft |
| topic | Tunnel fire Natural ventilation shaft Lateral ambient wind Unpowered ventilation cap Smoke spread behavior |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X2500036X |
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