Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults

Abstract Sensory processing differences, particularly within the visual domain, are common in neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism. Studies examining hierarchical processing of figures containing global (i.e., gist) and local (i.e., detail) elements are inconsistent but converge on a comm...

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Main Authors: Chloe Brittenham, Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio, Vanessa Troiani, Yirui Hu, Jennifer B. Wagner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92904-x
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author Chloe Brittenham
Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio
Vanessa Troiani
Yirui Hu
Jennifer B. Wagner
author_facet Chloe Brittenham
Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio
Vanessa Troiani
Yirui Hu
Jennifer B. Wagner
author_sort Chloe Brittenham
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Sensory processing differences, particularly within the visual domain, are common in neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism. Studies examining hierarchical processing of figures containing global (i.e., gist) and local (i.e., detail) elements are inconsistent but converge on a common theme in relation to autism: slowed global processing and a locally-oriented default. We examined behavioral and pupillary responses in adults with varying levels of autistic traits during a free-viewing hierarchical processing task. Results showed that participants were both more likely and faster to report global elements, but contrary to our hypothesis, differences in level of autistic traits were unrelated to spontaneous reporting of global vs. local elements. When examining phase-based analysis of pupillary responses, participants high on autistic traits showed more early and less later constriction within trials. Further, trajectory-based pupillary analysis revealed two trajectories, one characterized by constriction and the other dilation, and results showed that the dilation group disproportionately included low traits individuals. Findings suggest that although high and low traits groups showed similar behavioral responses, visual strategies used may differ, as indicated by pupillometry. This study advances our understanding of the relationship between autistic traits and visual processing, laying groundwork for further investigations into neurodivergent visual processing mechanisms.
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spelling doaj-art-97c14f01ee304da48f99100eef7fd54d2025-08-20T02:41:33ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-92904-xTask-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adultsChloe Brittenham0Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio1Vanessa Troiani2Yirui Hu3Jennifer B. Wagner4Departments of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical CenterGeisinger Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health SystemGeisinger Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health SystemDepartment of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger, Geisinger Health SystemDepartment of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New YorkAbstract Sensory processing differences, particularly within the visual domain, are common in neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism. Studies examining hierarchical processing of figures containing global (i.e., gist) and local (i.e., detail) elements are inconsistent but converge on a common theme in relation to autism: slowed global processing and a locally-oriented default. We examined behavioral and pupillary responses in adults with varying levels of autistic traits during a free-viewing hierarchical processing task. Results showed that participants were both more likely and faster to report global elements, but contrary to our hypothesis, differences in level of autistic traits were unrelated to spontaneous reporting of global vs. local elements. When examining phase-based analysis of pupillary responses, participants high on autistic traits showed more early and less later constriction within trials. Further, trajectory-based pupillary analysis revealed two trajectories, one characterized by constriction and the other dilation, and results showed that the dilation group disproportionately included low traits individuals. Findings suggest that although high and low traits groups showed similar behavioral responses, visual strategies used may differ, as indicated by pupillometry. This study advances our understanding of the relationship between autistic traits and visual processing, laying groundwork for further investigations into neurodivergent visual processing mechanisms.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92904-xPupillometryPupilHierarchical visual processingGlobal processingLocal processingAutistic traits
spellingShingle Chloe Brittenham
Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio
Vanessa Troiani
Yirui Hu
Jennifer B. Wagner
Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
Scientific Reports
Pupillometry
Pupil
Hierarchical visual processing
Global processing
Local processing
Autistic traits
title Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
title_full Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
title_fullStr Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
title_full_unstemmed Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
title_short Task-evoked pupil responses during free-viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
title_sort task evoked pupil responses during free viewing of hierarchical figures in relation to autistic traits in adults
topic Pupillometry
Pupil
Hierarchical visual processing
Global processing
Local processing
Autistic traits
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92904-x
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