Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically evaluate and analyze the effects of weighted resistance training (WRT) on linear sprinting and jump abilities in healthy populations through a three-level meta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The...

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Main Authors: Chen Wei, Zihan Zhou, Fuhai Wang, Xiaoquan Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Physiology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1590866/full
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author Chen Wei
Zihan Zhou
Fuhai Wang
Xiaoquan Zhang
author_facet Chen Wei
Zihan Zhou
Fuhai Wang
Xiaoquan Zhang
author_sort Chen Wei
collection DOAJ
description ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically evaluate and analyze the effects of weighted resistance training (WRT) on linear sprinting and jump abilities in healthy populations through a three-level meta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and Embase, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of WRT on linear sprinting and jumping abilities, with the search conducted from database inception until 1 May 2025. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Cochrane ROB2 tool and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, whereas the quality of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. A three-level random effects model was implemented in R for the meta-analysis, along with an assessment of publication bias. Hedges’ g and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for evaluation. Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and multilevel Egger’s regression tests.ResultsTen studies, comprising 256 participants, were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that WRT significantly improved linear sprinting ability (95% CI: −0.558 to −0.027, p < 0.05), while no significant effect was observed on jumping ability (95% CI: −0.067 to −0.545, p = 0.118). Subgroup analyses revealed that WRT positively effected 10-m linear sprinting performance (g = −0.393, 95% CI -0.784 to −0.002, p = 0.049). Specifically, trunk WRT (g = −0.554, 95% CI -1.013 to −0.096, p = 0.020) and weights ≤10% of body mass (BM) (g = −0.495, 95% CI -0.884 to −0.107, p = 0.014) significantly improved sprinting performance. The GRADE assessment indicated that the quality of evidence regarding the effects of WRT on linear sprinting and jumping abilities was low.ConclusionThese findings suggest that WRT with trunk load and weights ≤10% of BM can enhance start acceleration (0–10 m) during linear sprinting. However, WRT did not significantly improve jumping ability.
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spelling doaj-art-97bd4b2d320541c082d50da8db9b9a272025-08-20T03:31:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2025-06-011610.3389/fphys.2025.15908661590866Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysisChen Wei0Zihan Zhou1Fuhai Wang2Xiaoquan Zhang3Shenyang Normal University, College of Sports Science, Shenyang, ChinaBeijing Normal University, College of P.E and Sports, Beijing, ChinaShenyang Normal University, College of Sports Science, Shenyang, ChinaShenyang Normal University, College of Sports Science, Shenyang, ChinaObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically evaluate and analyze the effects of weighted resistance training (WRT) on linear sprinting and jump abilities in healthy populations through a three-level meta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and Embase, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of WRT on linear sprinting and jumping abilities, with the search conducted from database inception until 1 May 2025. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Cochrane ROB2 tool and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, whereas the quality of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. A three-level random effects model was implemented in R for the meta-analysis, along with an assessment of publication bias. Hedges’ g and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for evaluation. Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and multilevel Egger’s regression tests.ResultsTen studies, comprising 256 participants, were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that WRT significantly improved linear sprinting ability (95% CI: −0.558 to −0.027, p < 0.05), while no significant effect was observed on jumping ability (95% CI: −0.067 to −0.545, p = 0.118). Subgroup analyses revealed that WRT positively effected 10-m linear sprinting performance (g = −0.393, 95% CI -0.784 to −0.002, p = 0.049). Specifically, trunk WRT (g = −0.554, 95% CI -1.013 to −0.096, p = 0.020) and weights ≤10% of body mass (BM) (g = −0.495, 95% CI -0.884 to −0.107, p = 0.014) significantly improved sprinting performance. The GRADE assessment indicated that the quality of evidence regarding the effects of WRT on linear sprinting and jumping abilities was low.ConclusionThese findings suggest that WRT with trunk load and weights ≤10% of BM can enhance start acceleration (0–10 m) during linear sprinting. However, WRT did not significantly improve jumping ability.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1590866/fullwearable resistance trainingsprintjumpbiomechanicsmeta-analysis
spellingShingle Chen Wei
Zihan Zhou
Fuhai Wang
Xiaoquan Zhang
Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
Frontiers in Physiology
wearable resistance training
sprint
jump
biomechanics
meta-analysis
title Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
title_full Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
title_fullStr Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
title_short Effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis
title_sort effects of wearable resistance training on linear sprinting and jumping abilities in healthy populations a systematic review and three level meta analysis
topic wearable resistance training
sprint
jump
biomechanics
meta-analysis
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1590866/full
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