Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy
Introduction: Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), a head injury condition formerly known as diffuse axonal injury, results from direct mechanical forces causing multiple scattered lesions, either haemorrhagic or non-haemorrhagic, within brain tissue. Despite its clinical significance, no prior research h...
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SMC MEDIA SRL
2025-03-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5111 |
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| author | Ahmad Faried Yeremia Tatang Gibran A. Wibawa Wahyu Widowati Anindita P. Distya |
| author_facet | Ahmad Faried Yeremia Tatang Gibran A. Wibawa Wahyu Widowati Anindita P. Distya |
| author_sort | Ahmad Faried |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), a head injury condition formerly known as diffuse axonal injury, results from direct mechanical forces causing multiple scattered lesions, either haemorrhagic or non-haemorrhagic, within brain tissue. Despite its clinical significance, no prior research has explored the use of stem cells in a TAI inpatient setting. This case presents the efficacy of stem cell therapy for TAI.
Case description: A 17-year-old boy sustained severe head injuries from repeated blows, resulting in a coma. Initial CT and MRI scans showed cerebral oedema without haemorrhagic lesions. T2-weighted axial FLAIR imaging showed two hyperintensity lesions in the corpus callosum, consistent with diffuse axonal injury grade II. Secretome and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) therapy were administered. The patient showed improvement in motor function and speaking and was discharged without neurological deficits.
Discussion: The pathophysiology of TAI remains unclear because of a lack of unifying theory. It is theorised that not only is direct mechanical injury the cause of primary damage but biochemical changes in neuronal metabolism also play a role as secondary damage. Two main therapeutic options can be recognised. Treatment approaches fall into two categories: secondary axotomy-targeted therapy and promotion of neural regeneration. Multiple treatment options promote both microenvironment correction and neuronal regeneration, including cell and stem cell therapy along with its metabolite.
Conclusion: Stem cell therapy is promising as an alternative treatment modality in a case where there was no other optional therapy for TAI. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-97ba4a2cf14e453c8b4393c0c8ae5827 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2284-2594 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | SMC MEDIA SRL |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-97ba4a2cf14e453c8b4393c0c8ae58272025-08-20T03:04:26ZengSMC MEDIA SRLEuropean Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine2284-25942025-03-0110.12890/2025_0051114646Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapyAhmad Faried0Yeremia Tatang1Gibran A. Wibawa2Wahyu Widowati3Anindita P. Distya4Department of Neurosurgery, Mayapada Hospital Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University Hospital, Jatinangor, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Neurology, Mayapada Hospital Kuningan, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Mayapada Hospital Kuningan, Jakarta, IndonesiaMedical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaBiomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaIntroduction: Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), a head injury condition formerly known as diffuse axonal injury, results from direct mechanical forces causing multiple scattered lesions, either haemorrhagic or non-haemorrhagic, within brain tissue. Despite its clinical significance, no prior research has explored the use of stem cells in a TAI inpatient setting. This case presents the efficacy of stem cell therapy for TAI. Case description: A 17-year-old boy sustained severe head injuries from repeated blows, resulting in a coma. Initial CT and MRI scans showed cerebral oedema without haemorrhagic lesions. T2-weighted axial FLAIR imaging showed two hyperintensity lesions in the corpus callosum, consistent with diffuse axonal injury grade II. Secretome and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) therapy were administered. The patient showed improvement in motor function and speaking and was discharged without neurological deficits. Discussion: The pathophysiology of TAI remains unclear because of a lack of unifying theory. It is theorised that not only is direct mechanical injury the cause of primary damage but biochemical changes in neuronal metabolism also play a role as secondary damage. Two main therapeutic options can be recognised. Treatment approaches fall into two categories: secondary axotomy-targeted therapy and promotion of neural regeneration. Multiple treatment options promote both microenvironment correction and neuronal regeneration, including cell and stem cell therapy along with its metabolite. Conclusion: Stem cell therapy is promising as an alternative treatment modality in a case where there was no other optional therapy for TAI.https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5111diffuse axonal injurystem cell therapyumbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Faried Yeremia Tatang Gibran A. Wibawa Wahyu Widowati Anindita P. Distya Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine diffuse axonal injury stem cell therapy umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells |
| title | Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| title_full | Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| title_fullStr | Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| title_short | Traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| title_sort | traumatic axonal injury successfully treated with secretome followed by mesenchymal stem cells therapy |
| topic | diffuse axonal injury stem cell therapy umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells |
| url | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5111 |
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