An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys

Abstract Predicting the complex microstructures of practical materials has been a longstanding goal since Gibbs’s pioneering work on predictions for equilibrium of heterogeneous systems. The most promising approach for achieving this goal is integrating Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) with p...

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Main Authors: Takumi Morino, Machiko Ode, Shoichi Hirosawa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61246-7
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author Takumi Morino
Machiko Ode
Shoichi Hirosawa
author_facet Takumi Morino
Machiko Ode
Shoichi Hirosawa
author_sort Takumi Morino
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Predicting the complex microstructures of practical materials has been a longstanding goal since Gibbs’s pioneering work on predictions for equilibrium of heterogeneous systems. The most promising approach for achieving this goal is integrating Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) with phase-field models. This CALPHAD-coupled phase-field model requires two Gibbs free energy minimisation conditions: equal diffusion potential and internal equilibrium, both grounded in the second law of thermodynamics. However, as implicit functions, these minimisation conditions suffer from the curse of dimensionality when applied to multicomponent systems, which imposes significant constraints on simulation capabilities. Here we propose an approach that incorporates the equal diffusion potential and internal equilibrium conditions into a single explicit function in phase-field equations. In simulations across various practical materials, our model achieved equal diffusion and internal equilibrium conditions. Furthermore, it overcame dimensionality limitations, enabling computations for systems with up to 20 components. Thus, the proposed approach proves highly versatile and efficient, supporting a wide range of practical applications.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
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spelling doaj-art-97b2218132fa461db6797d0bc115d84c2025-08-20T04:02:54ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-011611910.1038/s41467-025-61246-7An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloysTakumi Morino0Machiko Ode1Shoichi Hirosawa2Yokohama National UniversityNational Institute for Materials ScienceDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yokohama National UniversityAbstract Predicting the complex microstructures of practical materials has been a longstanding goal since Gibbs’s pioneering work on predictions for equilibrium of heterogeneous systems. The most promising approach for achieving this goal is integrating Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) with phase-field models. This CALPHAD-coupled phase-field model requires two Gibbs free energy minimisation conditions: equal diffusion potential and internal equilibrium, both grounded in the second law of thermodynamics. However, as implicit functions, these minimisation conditions suffer from the curse of dimensionality when applied to multicomponent systems, which imposes significant constraints on simulation capabilities. Here we propose an approach that incorporates the equal diffusion potential and internal equilibrium conditions into a single explicit function in phase-field equations. In simulations across various practical materials, our model achieved equal diffusion and internal equilibrium conditions. Furthermore, it overcame dimensionality limitations, enabling computations for systems with up to 20 components. Thus, the proposed approach proves highly versatile and efficient, supporting a wide range of practical applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61246-7
spellingShingle Takumi Morino
Machiko Ode
Shoichi Hirosawa
An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
Nature Communications
title An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
title_full An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
title_fullStr An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
title_full_unstemmed An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
title_short An explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
title_sort explicit integration approach for predicting the microstructures of multicomponent alloys
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61246-7
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