Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students

Background: With the increasing prevalence of digital gadget usage, there has been a noticeable impact on ocular health, including conditions such as dry eye attributed to prolonged digital device use and issues related to binocularity or convergence insufficiency. The objective of our research was...

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Main Authors: Niravkumar Mehta, Rupam Desai, Jainisha Ajudiya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2023-10-01
Series:Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_175_23
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author Niravkumar Mehta
Rupam Desai
Jainisha Ajudiya
author_facet Niravkumar Mehta
Rupam Desai
Jainisha Ajudiya
author_sort Niravkumar Mehta
collection DOAJ
description Background: With the increasing prevalence of digital gadget usage, there has been a noticeable impact on ocular health, including conditions such as dry eye attributed to prolonged digital device use and issues related to binocularity or convergence insufficiency. The objective of our research was to conduct a comparative analysis and correlate between scores obtained from the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and the convergence insufficiency symptom score (CISS). Methods: This study was a prospective, cross-sectional, quantitative approach through a questionnaire-based study conducted in various optometry institutes from August 2022 to May 2023. The participants comprised students from optometry colleges in Gujarat, with a total of 329 individuals included in the study. Two validated questionnaires, namely the OSDI and the convergence insufficiency symptoms score (CISS), were administered. Data collection utilized a Digital Google form. Subsequently, groups were formed based on digital usage, CISS symptom scores, and OSDI scores. Results: Among the total of 329 participants, 31% were male, and 69% were female, with a mean age of 20.26 ± 1.86. The average duration of digital device usage was 4.08 ± 1.95 h. The overall OSDI score was 17.72 ± 17.04, and the CISS score was 11.23 ± 11.27. The study identified a significant and positive correlation between OSDI and CISS scores (r = 0.719, P < 0.01). The one-way analysis of variance indicated a notable increase in OSDI scores corresponding to CISS scores, F (3, 325) = 71.45, P < 0.05. On the normal ocular surface, the mean CISS score was 5.54 ± 6.57, while on the mild OSDI score, it was 11.16 ± 8.89, on the moderate OSDI score, it was 17.51 ± 9.26, and on the severe OSDI score, it was 24.96 ± 13.66. Conclusion: We conclude that OSDI and CISS questionnaire is simple, efficient, and affordable treatment for screening. The study concludes there is increase in CISS score with severe OSDI score or vice versa. The current study suggests evaluating both dry eye and binocular vision assessment where students use digital usage for more than 3 h. Awareness campaign to be carried out on limited use of digital devices.
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spelling doaj-art-97977b7b1e024011a7940cb0d7639f532025-08-20T03:11:13ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsDelhi Journal of Ophthalmology0972-02002454-27842023-10-0133429630010.4103/DLJO.DLJO_175_23Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry StudentsNiravkumar MehtaRupam DesaiJainisha AjudiyaBackground: With the increasing prevalence of digital gadget usage, there has been a noticeable impact on ocular health, including conditions such as dry eye attributed to prolonged digital device use and issues related to binocularity or convergence insufficiency. The objective of our research was to conduct a comparative analysis and correlate between scores obtained from the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and the convergence insufficiency symptom score (CISS). Methods: This study was a prospective, cross-sectional, quantitative approach through a questionnaire-based study conducted in various optometry institutes from August 2022 to May 2023. The participants comprised students from optometry colleges in Gujarat, with a total of 329 individuals included in the study. Two validated questionnaires, namely the OSDI and the convergence insufficiency symptoms score (CISS), were administered. Data collection utilized a Digital Google form. Subsequently, groups were formed based on digital usage, CISS symptom scores, and OSDI scores. Results: Among the total of 329 participants, 31% were male, and 69% were female, with a mean age of 20.26 ± 1.86. The average duration of digital device usage was 4.08 ± 1.95 h. The overall OSDI score was 17.72 ± 17.04, and the CISS score was 11.23 ± 11.27. The study identified a significant and positive correlation between OSDI and CISS scores (r = 0.719, P < 0.01). The one-way analysis of variance indicated a notable increase in OSDI scores corresponding to CISS scores, F (3, 325) = 71.45, P < 0.05. On the normal ocular surface, the mean CISS score was 5.54 ± 6.57, while on the mild OSDI score, it was 11.16 ± 8.89, on the moderate OSDI score, it was 17.51 ± 9.26, and on the severe OSDI score, it was 24.96 ± 13.66. Conclusion: We conclude that OSDI and CISS questionnaire is simple, efficient, and affordable treatment for screening. The study concludes there is increase in CISS score with severe OSDI score or vice versa. The current study suggests evaluating both dry eye and binocular vision assessment where students use digital usage for more than 3 h. Awareness campaign to be carried out on limited use of digital devices.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_175_23ciss questionnaireconvergence insufficiencydry eyeocular surface disease index questionnaire
spellingShingle Niravkumar Mehta
Rupam Desai
Jainisha Ajudiya
Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
ciss questionnaire
convergence insufficiency
dry eye
ocular surface disease index questionnaire
title Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
title_full Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
title_fullStr Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
title_full_unstemmed Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
title_short Correlate Ocular Surface Disease Index with Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Score Among Optometry Students
title_sort correlate ocular surface disease index with convergence insufficiency symptom score among optometry students
topic ciss questionnaire
convergence insufficiency
dry eye
ocular surface disease index questionnaire
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_175_23
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AT rupamdesai correlateocularsurfacediseaseindexwithconvergenceinsufficiencysymptomscoreamongoptometrystudents
AT jainishaajudiya correlateocularsurfacediseaseindexwithconvergenceinsufficiencysymptomscoreamongoptometrystudents