Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad
# Background Decades of political and economic instability have taken a significant toll on health outcomes among children in Iraq. In a health system with optimal resources, five-year rates of survival for childhood cancer would exceed 80%; however, a study in Iraq demonstrated a much lower surviv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.25476 |
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| author | Widad Yadalla Mazin F. Al-Jadiry Safaa A. Faraj Hasanein H. Ghali Aaron Shakow Muhummed N. Kasmani Mary C. Smith Fawzi Salma A. Al-Hadad |
| author_facet | Widad Yadalla Mazin F. Al-Jadiry Safaa A. Faraj Hasanein H. Ghali Aaron Shakow Muhummed N. Kasmani Mary C. Smith Fawzi Salma A. Al-Hadad |
| author_sort | Widad Yadalla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
Decades of political and economic instability have taken a significant toll on health outcomes among children in Iraq. In a health system with optimal resources, five-year rates of survival for childhood cancer would exceed 80%; however, a study in Iraq demonstrated a much lower survival rate of 50%, reflecting a disrupted health care infrastructure. Under such conditions, it is a struggle to sustain good treatment outcomes. The aims of the present study are to: i) estimate the median time from initial presentation to diagnosis of childhood cancer at a tertiary center in Iraq; and ii) examine sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with delay in diagnosis in this vulnerable population.
# Methods
A cohort of 346 children presenting for cancer care between January 1-December 31, 2012 was included in the study. Data were obtained through structured interviews with caregivers and from medical charts. The median total delay in cancer diagnosis was calculated in addition to the median patient delay and physician delay. Factors associated with delay in diagnosis were also examined.
# Results
The majority of the patients were less than five years of age and 59% were boys. The median number of days from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 55 (range: 3-1,093). This was largely due to physician delay. Clinical factors associated with a longer delay to diagnosis included number of doctors visited, as well as tumor location and type.
# Conclusions
Despite recent advances in cancer treatment outcomes, there are persistent disparities between high-resource versus low- and middle-income countries in childhood cancer survival. Lack of access to care, medication shortages, and inadequate access to medical equipment fuel these disparities. Such factors contribute to delay in access to care and increased mortality risk for children suffering from cancer. The situation will continue unless action to improve access to quality care is taken at national and international levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-97874bbaa362435ba7c776ed8a71986d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2399-1623 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-97874bbaa362435ba7c776ed8a71986d2025-08-20T02:40:06ZengInishmore Laser Scientific Publishing LtdJournal of Global Health Reports2399-16232021-07-01510.29392/001c.25476Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in BaghdadWidad YadallaMazin F. Al-JadirySafaa A. FarajHasanein H. GhaliAaron ShakowMuhummed N. KasmaniMary C. Smith FawziSalma A. Al-Hadad# Background Decades of political and economic instability have taken a significant toll on health outcomes among children in Iraq. In a health system with optimal resources, five-year rates of survival for childhood cancer would exceed 80%; however, a study in Iraq demonstrated a much lower survival rate of 50%, reflecting a disrupted health care infrastructure. Under such conditions, it is a struggle to sustain good treatment outcomes. The aims of the present study are to: i) estimate the median time from initial presentation to diagnosis of childhood cancer at a tertiary center in Iraq; and ii) examine sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with delay in diagnosis in this vulnerable population. # Methods A cohort of 346 children presenting for cancer care between January 1-December 31, 2012 was included in the study. Data were obtained through structured interviews with caregivers and from medical charts. The median total delay in cancer diagnosis was calculated in addition to the median patient delay and physician delay. Factors associated with delay in diagnosis were also examined. # Results The majority of the patients were less than five years of age and 59% were boys. The median number of days from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 55 (range: 3-1,093). This was largely due to physician delay. Clinical factors associated with a longer delay to diagnosis included number of doctors visited, as well as tumor location and type. # Conclusions Despite recent advances in cancer treatment outcomes, there are persistent disparities between high-resource versus low- and middle-income countries in childhood cancer survival. Lack of access to care, medication shortages, and inadequate access to medical equipment fuel these disparities. Such factors contribute to delay in access to care and increased mortality risk for children suffering from cancer. The situation will continue unless action to improve access to quality care is taken at national and international levels.https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.25476 |
| spellingShingle | Widad Yadalla Mazin F. Al-Jadiry Safaa A. Faraj Hasanein H. Ghali Aaron Shakow Muhummed N. Kasmani Mary C. Smith Fawzi Salma A. Al-Hadad Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Journal of Global Health Reports |
| title | Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad |
| title_full | Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad |
| title_fullStr | Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad |
| title_short | Delay in diagnosis of cancer in Iraq: Implications for survival and health outcomes at Children’s Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad |
| title_sort | delay in diagnosis of cancer in iraq implications for survival and health outcomes at children s welfare teaching hospital in baghdad |
| url | https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.25476 |
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