Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerging threat to the global porcine industry. PDCoV has been successfully isolated using various medium additives including trypsin, and although we know it is important for viral replication, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we systema...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2020.1730245 |
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| author | Yue-Lin Yang Fandan Meng Pan Qin Georg Herrler Yao-Wei Huang Yan-Dong Tang |
| author_facet | Yue-Lin Yang Fandan Meng Pan Qin Georg Herrler Yao-Wei Huang Yan-Dong Tang |
| author_sort | Yue-Lin Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerging threat to the global porcine industry. PDCoV has been successfully isolated using various medium additives including trypsin, and although we know it is important for viral replication, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we systematically investigated the role of trypsin in PDCoV replication including cell entry, cell-to-cell membrane fusion and virus release. Using pseudovirus entry assays, we demonstrated that PDCoV entry is not trypsin dependent. Furthermore, unlike porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), in which trypsin is important for the release of virus from infected cells, PDCoV release was not affected by trypsin. We also demonstrated that trypsin promotes PDCoV replication by enhancing cell-to-cell membrane fusion. Most importantly, our study illustrates two distinct spreading patterns from infected cells to uninfected cells during PDCoV transmission, and the role of trypsin in PDCoV replication in cells with different virus spreading types. Overall, these results clarify that trypsin promotes PDCoV replication by mediating cell-to-cell fusion transmission but is not crucial for viral entry. This knowledge can potentially contribute to improvement of virus production efficiency in culture, not only for vaccine preparation but also to develop antiviral treatments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-977fad37a4df45419092e1e7f9b534b1 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-977fad37a4df45419092e1e7f9b534b12025-08-20T03:08:31ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512020-01-019145746810.1080/22221751.2020.1730245Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent mannerYue-Lin Yang0Fandan Meng1Pan Qin2Georg Herrler3Yao-Wei Huang4Yan-Dong Tang5State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of ChinaInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaInstitute for Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, GermanyInstitute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of ChinaPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerging threat to the global porcine industry. PDCoV has been successfully isolated using various medium additives including trypsin, and although we know it is important for viral replication, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we systematically investigated the role of trypsin in PDCoV replication including cell entry, cell-to-cell membrane fusion and virus release. Using pseudovirus entry assays, we demonstrated that PDCoV entry is not trypsin dependent. Furthermore, unlike porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), in which trypsin is important for the release of virus from infected cells, PDCoV release was not affected by trypsin. We also demonstrated that trypsin promotes PDCoV replication by enhancing cell-to-cell membrane fusion. Most importantly, our study illustrates two distinct spreading patterns from infected cells to uninfected cells during PDCoV transmission, and the role of trypsin in PDCoV replication in cells with different virus spreading types. Overall, these results clarify that trypsin promotes PDCoV replication by mediating cell-to-cell fusion transmission but is not crucial for viral entry. This knowledge can potentially contribute to improvement of virus production efficiency in culture, not only for vaccine preparation but also to develop antiviral treatments.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2020.1730245PDCoVtrypsinentryvirus releasecell-to-cell fusion |
| spellingShingle | Yue-Lin Yang Fandan Meng Pan Qin Georg Herrler Yao-Wei Huang Yan-Dong Tang Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner Emerging Microbes and Infections PDCoV trypsin entry virus release cell-to-cell fusion |
| title | Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner |
| title_full | Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner |
| title_fullStr | Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner |
| title_short | Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner |
| title_sort | trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell to cell fusion in a cell type dependent manner |
| topic | PDCoV trypsin entry virus release cell-to-cell fusion |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2020.1730245 |
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