Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects
In this study, a composite material consisting of silicone rubber and silver (Ag) nanoparticles was fabricated using a sonochemical approach. By irradiating silver oxide (Ag2O) and silicone rubber in ethanol, a functionally graded material (FGM) was synthesized, in which Ag nanoparticles were incorp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417725002755 |
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| author | Yamato Hayashi Madoka Yoshikawa Tatsuya Shishido Aya Kudo Hirotsugu Takizawa |
| author_facet | Yamato Hayashi Madoka Yoshikawa Tatsuya Shishido Aya Kudo Hirotsugu Takizawa |
| author_sort | Yamato Hayashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, a composite material consisting of silicone rubber and silver (Ag) nanoparticles was fabricated using a sonochemical approach. By irradiating silver oxide (Ag2O) and silicone rubber in ethanol, a functionally graded material (FGM) was synthesized, in which Ag nanoparticles were incorporated on the surface and interior of the silicone rubber. The structure of the FGM had a smaller composition of Ag nanoparticles from the surface to the inside of the silicone rubber, which changed continuously. This compositional gradient improved the heat resistance of silicone rubber by about 30°C. Although this gradient material had an extremely small Ag loading amount of about 0.5 mg/cm per unit area of silicone rubber, this material exhibited good conductivity (under 10-4 Ω･cm). Notably, this material can be easily fabricated using ultrasonic irradiation. Due to cavitation effects, even at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, chemical reactions for this FGM between the solvents and solutes occurred. This reaction requires only Ag2O, silicone rubber, and ethanol as raw materials, and the only byproduct is O2. Therefore, this sonochemical process is simple and sustainable, as the product can be obtained cost effectively and environmentally friendly. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-97250fcd3a72439ca13260a5dabb6e2a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-97250fcd3a72439ca13260a5dabb6e2a2025-08-20T03:44:24ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772025-09-0112010749610.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107496Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effectsYamato Hayashi0Madoka Yoshikawa1Tatsuya Shishido2Aya Kudo3Hirotsugu Takizawa4Corresponding author.; Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, JapanIn this study, a composite material consisting of silicone rubber and silver (Ag) nanoparticles was fabricated using a sonochemical approach. By irradiating silver oxide (Ag2O) and silicone rubber in ethanol, a functionally graded material (FGM) was synthesized, in which Ag nanoparticles were incorporated on the surface and interior of the silicone rubber. The structure of the FGM had a smaller composition of Ag nanoparticles from the surface to the inside of the silicone rubber, which changed continuously. This compositional gradient improved the heat resistance of silicone rubber by about 30°C. Although this gradient material had an extremely small Ag loading amount of about 0.5 mg/cm per unit area of silicone rubber, this material exhibited good conductivity (under 10-4 Ω･cm). Notably, this material can be easily fabricated using ultrasonic irradiation. Due to cavitation effects, even at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, chemical reactions for this FGM between the solvents and solutes occurred. This reaction requires only Ag2O, silicone rubber, and ethanol as raw materials, and the only byproduct is O2. Therefore, this sonochemical process is simple and sustainable, as the product can be obtained cost effectively and environmentally friendly.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417725002755Functionally graded materialsComposite materialsUltrasonicSustainable development goals |
| spellingShingle | Yamato Hayashi Madoka Yoshikawa Tatsuya Shishido Aya Kudo Hirotsugu Takizawa Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Functionally graded materials Composite materials Ultrasonic Sustainable development goals |
| title | Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| title_full | Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| title_short | Sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type Ag/silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| title_sort | sustainable fabrication of functionally graded material type ag silicone rubber nanocomposite by sonochemical effects |
| topic | Functionally graded materials Composite materials Ultrasonic Sustainable development goals |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417725002755 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yamatohayashi sustainablefabricationoffunctionallygradedmaterialtypeagsiliconerubbernanocompositebysonochemicaleffects AT madokayoshikawa sustainablefabricationoffunctionallygradedmaterialtypeagsiliconerubbernanocompositebysonochemicaleffects AT tatsuyashishido sustainablefabricationoffunctionallygradedmaterialtypeagsiliconerubbernanocompositebysonochemicaleffects AT ayakudo sustainablefabricationoffunctionallygradedmaterialtypeagsiliconerubbernanocompositebysonochemicaleffects AT hirotsugutakizawa sustainablefabricationoffunctionallygradedmaterialtypeagsiliconerubbernanocompositebysonochemicaleffects |