Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders
Anisotropic materials with chirality or birefringence can be used to manipulate the polarization states of electromagnetic waves. However, the comparatively low anisotropy of natural materials hinders the miniaturization of optical components and devices at terahertz frequencies. In this study, we e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0812 |
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| author | Park Hyunwoo Jeong Sodam Seo Changwon Park Hyeongi Oh Donghak Shim Jae-Eon Lee Jaeyeong Ha Taewoo Kim Hyeon-Don Baek Soojeong Min Bumki Kim Teun-Teun |
| author_facet | Park Hyunwoo Jeong Sodam Seo Changwon Park Hyeongi Oh Donghak Shim Jae-Eon Lee Jaeyeong Ha Taewoo Kim Hyeon-Don Baek Soojeong Min Bumki Kim Teun-Teun |
| author_sort | Park Hyunwoo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anisotropic materials with chirality or birefringence can be used to manipulate the polarization states of electromagnetic waves. However, the comparatively low anisotropy of natural materials hinders the miniaturization of optical components and devices at terahertz frequencies. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that the relative phase retardation of a THz wave can be electrically controlled by integrating patterned mono- and bilayer graphene onto an otherwise isotropic metasurface. Specifically, we show that a refractive index for one of the orthogonal polarization states can be electrically controlled by modulating graphene’s conductivity, thereby weakening the capacitive coupling between adjacent meta-atoms in an anisotropic manner. With monolayer graphene, phase retardation of 15° to 81° between two orthogonal polarization states can be achieved. Maximum phase retardation of 90° through a metasurface with bilayer graphene suggests its use as a tunable quarter-wave plate. Continuous control from linear- to circular-polarization states may provide a wide range of opportunities for the development of compact THz polarization devices and polarization-sensitive THz technology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-971a09921aa84654899c1206b5708362 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-971a09921aa84654899c1206b57083622025-02-02T15:46:12ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142023-03-0112132553256210.1515/nanoph-2022-0812Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retardersPark Hyunwoo0Jeong Sodam1Seo Changwon2Park Hyeongi3Oh Donghak4Shim Jae-Eon5Lee Jaeyeong6Ha Taewoo7Kim Hyeon-Don8Baek Soojeong9Min Bumki10Kim Teun-Teun11Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaCenter for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon16419, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nano-Mechanics, Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of KoreaAnisotropic materials with chirality or birefringence can be used to manipulate the polarization states of electromagnetic waves. However, the comparatively low anisotropy of natural materials hinders the miniaturization of optical components and devices at terahertz frequencies. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that the relative phase retardation of a THz wave can be electrically controlled by integrating patterned mono- and bilayer graphene onto an otherwise isotropic metasurface. Specifically, we show that a refractive index for one of the orthogonal polarization states can be electrically controlled by modulating graphene’s conductivity, thereby weakening the capacitive coupling between adjacent meta-atoms in an anisotropic manner. With monolayer graphene, phase retardation of 15° to 81° between two orthogonal polarization states can be achieved. Maximum phase retardation of 90° through a metasurface with bilayer graphene suggests its use as a tunable quarter-wave plate. Continuous control from linear- to circular-polarization states may provide a wide range of opportunities for the development of compact THz polarization devices and polarization-sensitive THz technology.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0812active polarization controlelectrically tunable quarter-wave plategraphenegraphene metasurfacesmetasurfaces |
| spellingShingle | Park Hyunwoo Jeong Sodam Seo Changwon Park Hyeongi Oh Donghak Shim Jae-Eon Lee Jaeyeong Ha Taewoo Kim Hyeon-Don Baek Soojeong Min Bumki Kim Teun-Teun Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders Nanophotonics active polarization control electrically tunable quarter-wave plate graphene graphene metasurfaces metasurfaces |
| title | Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| title_full | Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| title_fullStr | Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| title_short | Electrically tunable THz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| title_sort | electrically tunable thz graphene metasurface wave retarders |
| topic | active polarization control electrically tunable quarter-wave plate graphene graphene metasurfaces metasurfaces |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2022-0812 |
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