Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner
Liquid ammonia (LNH3) spray combustion is considered to achieve zero carbon emissions without the need for a pre-vaporization system, thereby reducing costs. It enables rapid power adjustment to cope with the intermittency of renewable energy sources. However, LNH3 evaporation absorbs energy, loweri...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-09-01
|
| Series: | Applications in Energy and Combustion Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666352X25000512 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849233490742083584 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi-Rong Chen Gauthier Reibel Kohei Oku Hirofumi Yamashita Akihiro Hayakawa Taku Kudo Hisayoshi Ito K. D. Kunkuma A. Somarathne Hideaki Kobayashi |
| author_facet | Yi-Rong Chen Gauthier Reibel Kohei Oku Hirofumi Yamashita Akihiro Hayakawa Taku Kudo Hisayoshi Ito K. D. Kunkuma A. Somarathne Hideaki Kobayashi |
| author_sort | Yi-Rong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liquid ammonia (LNH3) spray combustion is considered to achieve zero carbon emissions without the need for a pre-vaporization system, thereby reducing costs. It enables rapid power adjustment to cope with the intermittency of renewable energy sources. However, LNH3 evaporation absorbs energy, lowering the reaction temperature during fuel/air mixing. Low-temperature NH3 reaction has been shown to produce deleterious substances, such as N2O. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of wall heat loss (low-temperature region) on emissions during LNH3 spray combustion in a swirling burner and compares the results to those from gaseous ammonia combustion. A liner with a cooling air jacket was designed to control the low temperature region by adjusting the air flowrate passing through the cooling cavity. As wall-cooling rose from 0 to 0.8 kW (approximately 0 % to 10 % of the total enthalpy input), overall emissions analyses showed increased unburned NH3 and N2O, alongside a reduction in NO emissions on the fuel-lean side, likely due to flame quenching near the wall and decreased flame temperature. To mitigate the production of harmful emissions under increased heat loss, two-stage combustion was applied. This approach significantly reduced unburned NH3; however, N2O and NO emissions remained comparable to those from single-stage combustion. Moreover, we compared the emissions at the wall and center under fuel-lean conditions, revealing higher NO emissions and near-zero unburned NH3 and N2O emissions at the center under increased cooling air flow, highlighting the influence of wall cooling on overall emissions characteristics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-971552ac28c541ff91896330c6bf08d2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-352X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applications in Energy and Combustion Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-971552ac28c541ff91896330c6bf08d22025-08-20T05:07:54ZengElsevierApplications in Energy and Combustion Science2666-352X2025-09-012310037010.1016/j.jaecs.2025.100370Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burnerYi-Rong Chen0Gauthier Reibel1Kohei Oku2Hirofumi Yamashita3Akihiro Hayakawa4Taku Kudo5Hisayoshi Ito6K. D. Kunkuma A. Somarathne7Hideaki Kobayashi8Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Corresponding author.Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, JapanInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, JapanLiquid ammonia (LNH3) spray combustion is considered to achieve zero carbon emissions without the need for a pre-vaporization system, thereby reducing costs. It enables rapid power adjustment to cope with the intermittency of renewable energy sources. However, LNH3 evaporation absorbs energy, lowering the reaction temperature during fuel/air mixing. Low-temperature NH3 reaction has been shown to produce deleterious substances, such as N2O. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of wall heat loss (low-temperature region) on emissions during LNH3 spray combustion in a swirling burner and compares the results to those from gaseous ammonia combustion. A liner with a cooling air jacket was designed to control the low temperature region by adjusting the air flowrate passing through the cooling cavity. As wall-cooling rose from 0 to 0.8 kW (approximately 0 % to 10 % of the total enthalpy input), overall emissions analyses showed increased unburned NH3 and N2O, alongside a reduction in NO emissions on the fuel-lean side, likely due to flame quenching near the wall and decreased flame temperature. To mitigate the production of harmful emissions under increased heat loss, two-stage combustion was applied. This approach significantly reduced unburned NH3; however, N2O and NO emissions remained comparable to those from single-stage combustion. Moreover, we compared the emissions at the wall and center under fuel-lean conditions, revealing higher NO emissions and near-zero unburned NH3 and N2O emissions at the center under increased cooling air flow, highlighting the influence of wall cooling on overall emissions characteristics.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666352X25000512Ammonia combustionSpray combustionSwirling flamesWall heat loss effectsGas emissions analysisTwo-stage combustion |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Rong Chen Gauthier Reibel Kohei Oku Hirofumi Yamashita Akihiro Hayakawa Taku Kudo Hisayoshi Ito K. D. Kunkuma A. Somarathne Hideaki Kobayashi Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner Applications in Energy and Combustion Science Ammonia combustion Spray combustion Swirling flames Wall heat loss effects Gas emissions analysis Two-stage combustion |
| title | Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| title_full | Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| title_fullStr | Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| title_short | Effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| title_sort | effects of wall heat loss on emission characteristics of liquid ammonia spray combustion using a swirling burner |
| topic | Ammonia combustion Spray combustion Swirling flames Wall heat loss effects Gas emissions analysis Two-stage combustion |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666352X25000512 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yirongchen effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT gauthierreibel effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT koheioku effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT hirofumiyamashita effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT akihirohayakawa effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT takukudo effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT hisayoshiito effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT kdkunkumaasomarathne effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner AT hideakikobayashi effectsofwallheatlossonemissioncharacteristicsofliquidammoniaspraycombustionusingaswirlingburner |