Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning
Abstract Biomass burning releases fine particulate matter (PM2.5), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs), metal elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other compounds, and it is one of the largest sources of carbonaceous aerosols. The lungs experience negative health impacts from exposu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230068 |
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| author | Xinye Zhu Kin-Fai Ho Tzu-Ting Yang Vincent Laiman Jian Sun Zhenxing Shen Hsiao-Chi Chuang |
| author_facet | Xinye Zhu Kin-Fai Ho Tzu-Ting Yang Vincent Laiman Jian Sun Zhenxing Shen Hsiao-Chi Chuang |
| author_sort | Xinye Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Biomass burning releases fine particulate matter (PM2.5), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs), metal elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other compounds, and it is one of the largest sources of carbonaceous aerosols. The lungs experience negative health impacts from exposure to PM2.5; however, it is uncertain how PM2.5 emitted from biomass burning affect the human lung alveolar epithelium. This study investigated emission factors of PM2.5 from biomass burning and PM2.5 bioreactivity in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Emission factors were measured from biomass samples included maize straw (MS), wheat straw (WS), wood branches (WBs), MS briquettes (MSBs), MSB charcoal (MSC), WS briquettes (WSBs), WSB charcoal (WSC), WB briquettes (WBBs), and WBB charcoal (WBC). A549 cells were exposed to biomass PM2.5 at 0 and 50 µg mL–1 for 24 h, and the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), phosphorylated (p)-YAP, transcription coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), p-TAZ, E-cadherin, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) proteins were assessed by Western blotting. We found that MSC, WSC, WSBs, and WBs had higher PM2.5 emission factors. MS has the highest emission factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among all the biomass PM2.5, especially FLU (26.46 mg kg–1) and PYR (26.93 mg kg–1). There were 48.30% of PM2.5 was able to deposit in the alveolar area with a concentration of 32.25 µg m–3 estimated by a multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model. We observed decreases in p-YAP/YAP and HMGB1 expressions after biomass PM2.5 exposure. YAP were positively correlated with ANT, PHE, 1-MP, FLU, PYR, 3,6-DP, BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, BeP, PER, IcdP, BghiP, and DahA (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PAHs in biomass PM2.5 contribute to cytotoxicity on A549 cells. PAHs in PM2.5 with high emission factors from biomass burning could cause significant human pulmonary deteritious health effects after inhalation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-97008d8f30494611891c89d37e4aa7c3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-97008d8f30494611891c89d37e4aa7c32025-02-09T12:24:12ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092023-11-0124111610.4209/aaqr.230068Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass BurningXinye Zhu0Kin-Fai Ho1Tzu-Ting Yang2Vincent Laiman3Jian Sun4Zhenxing Shen5Hsiao-Chi Chuang6School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical UniversityJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong KongDepartment of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical TechnologyInternational Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversitySchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityAbstract Biomass burning releases fine particulate matter (PM2.5), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs), metal elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other compounds, and it is one of the largest sources of carbonaceous aerosols. The lungs experience negative health impacts from exposure to PM2.5; however, it is uncertain how PM2.5 emitted from biomass burning affect the human lung alveolar epithelium. This study investigated emission factors of PM2.5 from biomass burning and PM2.5 bioreactivity in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Emission factors were measured from biomass samples included maize straw (MS), wheat straw (WS), wood branches (WBs), MS briquettes (MSBs), MSB charcoal (MSC), WS briquettes (WSBs), WSB charcoal (WSC), WB briquettes (WBBs), and WBB charcoal (WBC). A549 cells were exposed to biomass PM2.5 at 0 and 50 µg mL–1 for 24 h, and the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), phosphorylated (p)-YAP, transcription coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), p-TAZ, E-cadherin, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) proteins were assessed by Western blotting. We found that MSC, WSC, WSBs, and WBs had higher PM2.5 emission factors. MS has the highest emission factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among all the biomass PM2.5, especially FLU (26.46 mg kg–1) and PYR (26.93 mg kg–1). There were 48.30% of PM2.5 was able to deposit in the alveolar area with a concentration of 32.25 µg m–3 estimated by a multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model. We observed decreases in p-YAP/YAP and HMGB1 expressions after biomass PM2.5 exposure. YAP were positively correlated with ANT, PHE, 1-MP, FLU, PYR, 3,6-DP, BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, BeP, PER, IcdP, BghiP, and DahA (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PAHs in biomass PM2.5 contribute to cytotoxicity on A549 cells. PAHs in PM2.5 with high emission factors from biomass burning could cause significant human pulmonary deteritious health effects after inhalation.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230068Biomass burningBioreactivityPAHsEmission factorPM2.5 |
| spellingShingle | Xinye Zhu Kin-Fai Ho Tzu-Ting Yang Vincent Laiman Jian Sun Zhenxing Shen Hsiao-Chi Chuang Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning Aerosol and Air Quality Research Biomass burning Bioreactivity PAHs Emission factor PM2.5 |
| title | Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning |
| title_full | Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning |
| title_fullStr | Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning |
| title_short | Emission Factors of PAHs Components and Bioreactivity in PM2.5 from Biomass Burning |
| title_sort | emission factors of pahs components and bioreactivity in pm2 5 from biomass burning |
| topic | Biomass burning Bioreactivity PAHs Emission factor PM2.5 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230068 |
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