Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and acutely fatal avian disease, is characterized by convulsions, acute death, liver swelling, and hemorrhage, leading to substantial losses in the duck industry. However, there is no efficient prevention a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Siqi Lei, Yuanhe Yang, Chengchen Zhao, Anguo Liu, Pingli He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/154
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850231505494736896
author Siqi Lei
Yuanhe Yang
Chengchen Zhao
Anguo Liu
Pingli He
author_facet Siqi Lei
Yuanhe Yang
Chengchen Zhao
Anguo Liu
Pingli He
author_sort Siqi Lei
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background and Objectives:</b> Duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and acutely fatal avian disease, is characterized by convulsions, acute death, liver swelling, and hemorrhage, leading to substantial losses in the duck industry. However, there is no efficient prevention and control method for DHV infection. Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) is one of the primary pathogens responsible for DVH. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, we prepared a highly effective anti-DHAV IgY antibody by immunizing Hy-Line Brown laying hens at the peak of egg production. <b>Results and Conclusions</b>: The neutralization index of this antibody was found to be up to 38.90 (DHAV-1 QYD strain) and 141.25 (DHAV-3 GY strain) in vitro. The antibody also exhibited effective prophylactic effects in a model of hepatic inflammation following the viral challenge of ducklings, with a dose of 0.5 mL per duckling (containing 64 mg/mL of IgY) significantly reducing DHAV-related mortality by 66%, providing substantial protection against the infection. Furthermore, it effectively alleviated oxidative damage caused by DHAV in the ducklings. The results of this study indicate that IgY has the potential for treating DHAV infection; it also provides a new way for the treatment of poultry diseases with specific antibodies.
format Article
id doaj-art-96dd35bb964c4f3db80de8509efde765
institution OA Journals
issn 2076-393X
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Vaccines
spelling doaj-art-96dd35bb964c4f3db80de8509efde7652025-08-20T02:03:31ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-02-0113215410.3390/vaccines13020154Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk AntibodiesSiqi Lei0Yuanhe Yang1Chengchen Zhao2Anguo Liu3Pingli He4State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Duck viral hepatitis (DVH), a highly contagious and acutely fatal avian disease, is characterized by convulsions, acute death, liver swelling, and hemorrhage, leading to substantial losses in the duck industry. However, there is no efficient prevention and control method for DHV infection. Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) is one of the primary pathogens responsible for DVH. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, we prepared a highly effective anti-DHAV IgY antibody by immunizing Hy-Line Brown laying hens at the peak of egg production. <b>Results and Conclusions</b>: The neutralization index of this antibody was found to be up to 38.90 (DHAV-1 QYD strain) and 141.25 (DHAV-3 GY strain) in vitro. The antibody also exhibited effective prophylactic effects in a model of hepatic inflammation following the viral challenge of ducklings, with a dose of 0.5 mL per duckling (containing 64 mg/mL of IgY) significantly reducing DHAV-related mortality by 66%, providing substantial protection against the infection. Furthermore, it effectively alleviated oxidative damage caused by DHAV in the ducklings. The results of this study indicate that IgY has the potential for treating DHAV infection; it also provides a new way for the treatment of poultry diseases with specific antibodies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/154duck viral hepatitisduck hepatitis A virusegg yolk antibodytreatmentantioxidation
spellingShingle Siqi Lei
Yuanhe Yang
Chengchen Zhao
Anguo Liu
Pingli He
Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
Vaccines
duck viral hepatitis
duck hepatitis A virus
egg yolk antibody
treatment
antioxidation
title Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
title_full Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
title_fullStr Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
title_full_unstemmed Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
title_short Innovative Approaches to Combat Duck Viral Hepatitis: Dual-Specific Anti-DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Yolk Antibodies
title_sort innovative approaches to combat duck viral hepatitis dual specific anti dhav 1 and dhav 3 yolk antibodies
topic duck viral hepatitis
duck hepatitis A virus
egg yolk antibody
treatment
antioxidation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/154
work_keys_str_mv AT siqilei innovativeapproachestocombatduckviralhepatitisdualspecificantidhav1anddhav3yolkantibodies
AT yuanheyang innovativeapproachestocombatduckviralhepatitisdualspecificantidhav1anddhav3yolkantibodies
AT chengchenzhao innovativeapproachestocombatduckviralhepatitisdualspecificantidhav1anddhav3yolkantibodies
AT anguoliu innovativeapproachestocombatduckviralhepatitisdualspecificantidhav1anddhav3yolkantibodies
AT pinglihe innovativeapproachestocombatduckviralhepatitisdualspecificantidhav1anddhav3yolkantibodies