Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers
The corrugation of the interfaces of the cross-section of hollow core fibers based on the inhibited coupling waveguiding mechanism is modeled and the impact on propagation loss analyzed. The proposed model is based on a combined use of coupled-mode theory and Azimuthal Fourier Decomposition. It show...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Fibers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/13/4/36 |
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| author | Federico Melli Kostiantyn Vasko Lorenzo Rosa Fetah Benabid Luca Vincetti |
| author_facet | Federico Melli Kostiantyn Vasko Lorenzo Rosa Fetah Benabid Luca Vincetti |
| author_sort | Federico Melli |
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| description | The corrugation of the interfaces of the cross-section of hollow core fibers based on the inhibited coupling waveguiding mechanism is modeled and the impact on propagation loss analyzed. The proposed model is based on a combined use of coupled-mode theory and Azimuthal Fourier Decomposition. It shows that such transverse roughness causes coupling between the core modes and the dielectric modes of the cladding and consequently an increase of the fiber loss. The model is validated by comparing theoretical and numerical results obtained by applying both deterministic and stochastic corrugations to tubular lattice and nested fibers. Scaling laws and impact of the fibers’ parameters are discussed. The model shows that the loss increase is not directly correlated to the root mean square of the stochastic roughness but only to the value of the power spectral density in specific spatial frequency ranges. In particular, the spectral components characterized by a periodicity lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> of the tube circumference must have a power spectral density value lower than 0.2 nm<sup>2</sup> to ensure a negligible effect of the transverse roughness on fibers with losses lower than 0.1 dB/Km. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-96bf9e96f1d249ffb99bf5fa02e920b5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-6439 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Fibers |
| spelling | doaj-art-96bf9e96f1d249ffb99bf5fa02e920b52025-08-20T02:28:22ZengMDPI AGFibers2079-64392025-03-011343610.3390/fib13040036Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core FibersFederico Melli0Kostiantyn Vasko1Lorenzo Rosa2Fetah Benabid3Luca Vincetti4Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyGPPMM Group, XLIM Resaerch Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, FranceDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyGPPMM Group, XLIM Resaerch Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, FranceDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyThe corrugation of the interfaces of the cross-section of hollow core fibers based on the inhibited coupling waveguiding mechanism is modeled and the impact on propagation loss analyzed. The proposed model is based on a combined use of coupled-mode theory and Azimuthal Fourier Decomposition. It shows that such transverse roughness causes coupling between the core modes and the dielectric modes of the cladding and consequently an increase of the fiber loss. The model is validated by comparing theoretical and numerical results obtained by applying both deterministic and stochastic corrugations to tubular lattice and nested fibers. Scaling laws and impact of the fibers’ parameters are discussed. The model shows that the loss increase is not directly correlated to the root mean square of the stochastic roughness but only to the value of the power spectral density in specific spatial frequency ranges. In particular, the spectral components characterized by a periodicity lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> of the tube circumference must have a power spectral density value lower than 0.2 nm<sup>2</sup> to ensure a negligible effect of the transverse roughness on fibers with losses lower than 0.1 dB/Km.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/13/4/36optical fibershollow-core fibersinhibited coupling fibersfiber propertieslossroughness |
| spellingShingle | Federico Melli Kostiantyn Vasko Lorenzo Rosa Fetah Benabid Luca Vincetti Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers Fibers optical fibers hollow-core fibers inhibited coupling fibers fiber properties loss roughness |
| title | Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers |
| title_full | Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers |
| title_fullStr | Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers |
| title_short | Modeling and Analysis of the Transverse Surface Roughness in Hollow-Core Fibers |
| title_sort | modeling and analysis of the transverse surface roughness in hollow core fibers |
| topic | optical fibers hollow-core fibers inhibited coupling fibers fiber properties loss roughness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/13/4/36 |
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