On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective

I conducted an integrative literature review by utilizing theoretical and methodological elements of critical realism (i.e., the distinction between ontology and epistemology) to evaluate the significance of triple-helix intermediaries. This review involved examining all published research on smart...

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Main Author: Dimos Chatzinikolaou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Smart Cities
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/8/3/74
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author Dimos Chatzinikolaou
author_facet Dimos Chatzinikolaou
author_sort Dimos Chatzinikolaou
collection DOAJ
description I conducted an integrative literature review by utilizing theoretical and methodological elements of critical realism (i.e., the distinction between ontology and epistemology) to evaluate the significance of triple-helix intermediaries. This review involved examining all published research on smart cities in “elite” ABS (Chartered Association of Business Schools) journals (4, 4*). My findings indicate that the philosophical foundations of the examined literature are predominantly grounded on “positivism”, “postmodernism”, “interpretivism”, and “pragmatism”, without delving into the ontological reinforcement of capitalist institutions through innovation creation and diffusion—a central concern of critical realism. I argue that this oversight stems from the prevailing “paradigm” within these “elite” journals, which often excludes historical and critical perspectives. In response, I propose a reoriented intermediary, the Triple-Helix Business Clinic, grounded in critical-realist assumptions. This new theoretical framework can guide practical policy development aimed at reinforcing business innovation and driving broader socioeconomic progress.
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spelling doaj-art-968db659f1f941488d179fc0e2b79d4f2025-08-20T03:29:44ZengMDPI AGSmart Cities2624-65112025-04-01837410.3390/smartcities8030074On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist PerspectiveDimos Chatzinikolaou0Department of Economics, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, GreeceI conducted an integrative literature review by utilizing theoretical and methodological elements of critical realism (i.e., the distinction between ontology and epistemology) to evaluate the significance of triple-helix intermediaries. This review involved examining all published research on smart cities in “elite” ABS (Chartered Association of Business Schools) journals (4, 4*). My findings indicate that the philosophical foundations of the examined literature are predominantly grounded on “positivism”, “postmodernism”, “interpretivism”, and “pragmatism”, without delving into the ontological reinforcement of capitalist institutions through innovation creation and diffusion—a central concern of critical realism. I argue that this oversight stems from the prevailing “paradigm” within these “elite” journals, which often excludes historical and critical perspectives. In response, I propose a reoriented intermediary, the Triple-Helix Business Clinic, grounded in critical-realist assumptions. This new theoretical framework can guide practical policy development aimed at reinforcing business innovation and driving broader socioeconomic progress.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/8/3/74triple helixpolicy intermediariessmart citiescritical realismbusiness innovationlocal development
spellingShingle Dimos Chatzinikolaou
On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
Smart Cities
triple helix
policy intermediaries
smart cities
critical realism
business innovation
local development
title On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
title_full On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
title_fullStr On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
title_full_unstemmed On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
title_short On Smart Cities and Triple-Helix Intermediaries: A Critical-Realist Perspective
title_sort on smart cities and triple helix intermediaries a critical realist perspective
topic triple helix
policy intermediaries
smart cities
critical realism
business innovation
local development
url https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/8/3/74
work_keys_str_mv AT dimoschatzinikolaou onsmartcitiesandtriplehelixintermediariesacriticalrealistperspective