Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients

Abstract The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We aimed to explore the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in adult patients with CVD. This cohort study i...

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Main Authors: Yan-Lin Lv, Yong-Ming Liu, Kai-Xuan Dong, Xiong-Bin Ma, Lin Qian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76970-1
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author Yan-Lin Lv
Yong-Ming Liu
Kai-Xuan Dong
Xiong-Bin Ma
Lin Qian
author_facet Yan-Lin Lv
Yong-Ming Liu
Kai-Xuan Dong
Xiong-Bin Ma
Lin Qian
author_sort Yan-Lin Lv
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We aimed to explore the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in adult patients with CVD. This cohort study included 3977 patients with CVD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). Death outcomes were determined by linking National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. We explored the association of SUA with mortality using weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models, subgroup analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, and weighted threshold effect analysis among patients with CVD. During a median follow-up of 68 months (interquartile range, 34–110 months), 1,360 (34.2%) of the 3,977 patients with cardiovascular disease died, of which 536 (13.5%) died of cardiovascular deaths and 824 (20.7%) died of non-cardiovascular deaths. In a multivariable-adjusted model (Model 3), the risk of ACM (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16–1.64) and the risk of CVM (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.86) for participants in the SUA Q4 group were significantly higher. In patients with CVD, RCS regression analysis revealed a nonlinear association (p < 0.001 for all nonlinearities) between SUA, ACM, and CVM in the overall population and in men. Subgroup analysis showed a nonlinear association between ACM and CVM with SUA in patients with CVD combined with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. Time-dependent ROC curves indicated areas under the curve of 0.61, 0.60, 0.58, and 0.55 for 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival for ACM and 0.69, 0.61, 0.59, and 0.56 for CVM, respectively. We demonstrate that SUA is an independent prognostic factor for the risk of ACM and CVM in patients with CVD, supporting a U-shaped association between SUA and mortality, with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. In patients with CVD combined with CKD, the association of the ACM and the CVM with SUA remains nonlinear.
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spelling doaj-art-9685d477f4b448deb34b9f892a0be1902024-11-10T12:19:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111310.1038/s41598-024-76970-1Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patientsYan-Lin Lv0Yong-Ming Liu1Kai-Xuan Dong2Xiong-Bin Ma3Lin Qian4First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityGeriatric Cardiovascular Department and Gansu Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityAbstract The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We aimed to explore the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in adult patients with CVD. This cohort study included 3977 patients with CVD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). Death outcomes were determined by linking National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. We explored the association of SUA with mortality using weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models, subgroup analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, and weighted threshold effect analysis among patients with CVD. During a median follow-up of 68 months (interquartile range, 34–110 months), 1,360 (34.2%) of the 3,977 patients with cardiovascular disease died, of which 536 (13.5%) died of cardiovascular deaths and 824 (20.7%) died of non-cardiovascular deaths. In a multivariable-adjusted model (Model 3), the risk of ACM (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16–1.64) and the risk of CVM (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.86) for participants in the SUA Q4 group were significantly higher. In patients with CVD, RCS regression analysis revealed a nonlinear association (p < 0.001 for all nonlinearities) between SUA, ACM, and CVM in the overall population and in men. Subgroup analysis showed a nonlinear association between ACM and CVM with SUA in patients with CVD combined with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. Time-dependent ROC curves indicated areas under the curve of 0.61, 0.60, 0.58, and 0.55 for 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival for ACM and 0.69, 0.61, 0.59, and 0.56 for CVM, respectively. We demonstrate that SUA is an independent prognostic factor for the risk of ACM and CVM in patients with CVD, supporting a U-shaped association between SUA and mortality, with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. In patients with CVD combined with CKD, the association of the ACM and the CVM with SUA remains nonlinear.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76970-1Serum uric acidCardiovascular diseaseAll-cause mortalityCardiovascular mortalityCohort studyNHANES
spellingShingle Yan-Lin Lv
Yong-Ming Liu
Kai-Xuan Dong
Xiong-Bin Ma
Lin Qian
Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
Scientific Reports
Serum uric acid
Cardiovascular disease
All-cause mortality
Cardiovascular mortality
Cohort study
NHANES
title Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
title_full Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
title_fullStr Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
title_full_unstemmed Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
title_short Association of serum uric acid with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
title_sort association of serum uric acid with all cause and cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients
topic Serum uric acid
Cardiovascular disease
All-cause mortality
Cardiovascular mortality
Cohort study
NHANES
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76970-1
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AT kaixuandong associationofserumuricacidwithallcauseandcardiovascularmortalityincardiovasculardiseasepatients
AT xiongbinma associationofserumuricacidwithallcauseandcardiovascularmortalityincardiovasculardiseasepatients
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