Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure
This research investigates the combustion behavior of aluminum and boron loaded gel fuel droplets (10–20 wt%) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-speed and color imaging captured the combustion process. The addition of gellant induces micro-explosions that enhance the burning r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-10-01
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| Series: | Fuel Processing Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382025000967 |
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| author | Mengxiong Li Chuxiang Sun Qingyu Li Qingchun Yang Hongxin Wang Xu Xu |
| author_facet | Mengxiong Li Chuxiang Sun Qingyu Li Qingchun Yang Hongxin Wang Xu Xu |
| author_sort | Mengxiong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research investigates the combustion behavior of aluminum and boron loaded gel fuel droplets (10–20 wt%) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-speed and color imaging captured the combustion process. The addition of gellant induces micro-explosions that enhance the burning rate; however, increasing particle concentration weakens this effect. At high concentrations, early particle shell formation hinders gel layer development, suppressing micro-explosions. Both micro-explosions and particle shells promote liquid-phase combustion. At low concentrations, micro-explosions dominate the enhancement, while at high concentrations, larger, early-formed particle shells are the primary contributor. Increasing ambient pressure reduces micro-explosion intensity but shortens ignition delay and raises the burning rate. Under high pressure, weak micro-explosions offer less enhancement and lead to larger particle agglomerates. Aluminum and boron gel droplets show similar liquid-phase behavior, but differ in particle combustion: aluminum ignites under all conditions, while boron requires higher pressures. The combustion process of high-concentration gel droplets under elevated conditions is divided into four stages: Stable Combustion, Particle Shell Formation, Particle Agglomerate Ignition, and Molten Particle Combustion. This staged model emphasizes the dominant role of particle shells, with minor contributions from micro-explosions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9666896fbc7b41c381d59e6b72beddc2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0378-3820 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fuel Processing Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9666896fbc7b41c381d59e6b72beddc22025-08-20T02:47:35ZengElsevierFuel Processing Technology0378-38202025-10-0127610827210.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108272Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressureMengxiong Li0Chuxiang Sun1Qingyu Li2Qingchun Yang3Hongxin Wang4Xu Xu5School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; National Key Laboratory of aerospace liquid propulsion, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany; Corresponding authors at: Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany.School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; National Key Laboratory of aerospace liquid propulsion, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany.This research investigates the combustion behavior of aluminum and boron loaded gel fuel droplets (10–20 wt%) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-speed and color imaging captured the combustion process. The addition of gellant induces micro-explosions that enhance the burning rate; however, increasing particle concentration weakens this effect. At high concentrations, early particle shell formation hinders gel layer development, suppressing micro-explosions. Both micro-explosions and particle shells promote liquid-phase combustion. At low concentrations, micro-explosions dominate the enhancement, while at high concentrations, larger, early-formed particle shells are the primary contributor. Increasing ambient pressure reduces micro-explosion intensity but shortens ignition delay and raises the burning rate. Under high pressure, weak micro-explosions offer less enhancement and lead to larger particle agglomerates. Aluminum and boron gel droplets show similar liquid-phase behavior, but differ in particle combustion: aluminum ignites under all conditions, while boron requires higher pressures. The combustion process of high-concentration gel droplets under elevated conditions is divided into four stages: Stable Combustion, Particle Shell Formation, Particle Agglomerate Ignition, and Molten Particle Combustion. This staged model emphasizes the dominant role of particle shells, with minor contributions from micro-explosions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382025000967Metallized gel fuelSingle dropletMicro-explosionCombustion characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Mengxiong Li Chuxiang Sun Qingyu Li Qingchun Yang Hongxin Wang Xu Xu Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure Fuel Processing Technology Metallized gel fuel Single droplet Micro-explosion Combustion characteristics |
| title | Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| title_full | Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| title_fullStr | Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| title_short | Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| title_sort | combustion characteristics of al b loaded gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure |
| topic | Metallized gel fuel Single droplet Micro-explosion Combustion characteristics |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382025000967 |
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