Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides
The energy efficiency of silicon modulators can be enhanced by increasing the doping level. As an alternative solution, slow light modulators based on corrugated waveguides can also be used for improving the energy efficiency. Using numerical and analytical tools, we show that for the same level of...
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IEEE
2018-01-01
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| author | Reza Hosseini Levon Mirzoyan Kambiz Jamshidi |
| author_facet | Reza Hosseini Levon Mirzoyan Kambiz Jamshidi |
| author_sort | Reza Hosseini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The energy efficiency of silicon modulators can be enhanced by increasing the doping level. As an alternative solution, slow light modulators based on corrugated waveguides can also be used for improving the energy efficiency. Using numerical and analytical tools, we show that for the same level of energy consumption reduction, the loss coefficient and the loss-modulation efficiency for the slow-light modulators are smaller than those for the modulators with an increased doping level. It is shown that the slow light structures with medium slow down factors (specifically slowdown factors of less than 6) can be reasonable candidates for enhancing the modulator's energy efficiency. For example, an energy consumption of less than 100 fJ/bit can be achieved at a slow-down factor of 6, using a doping level of 5 × 10<sup>17</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> for acceptors and 1 × 10<sup>18</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> for donors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-965537e16c654b4d9fb73ae188c3f546 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1943-0655 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-965537e16c654b4d9fb73ae188c3f5462025-08-20T03:14:53ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552018-01-011011710.1109/JPHOT.2018.27925358255601Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light WaveguidesReza Hosseini0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-1950Levon Mirzoyan1Kambiz Jamshidi2Integrated Photonic Devices Lab, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, GermanyIntegrated Photonic Devices Lab, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, GermanyIntegrated Photonic Devices Lab, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, GermanyThe energy efficiency of silicon modulators can be enhanced by increasing the doping level. As an alternative solution, slow light modulators based on corrugated waveguides can also be used for improving the energy efficiency. Using numerical and analytical tools, we show that for the same level of energy consumption reduction, the loss coefficient and the loss-modulation efficiency for the slow-light modulators are smaller than those for the modulators with an increased doping level. It is shown that the slow light structures with medium slow down factors (specifically slowdown factors of less than 6) can be reasonable candidates for enhancing the modulator's energy efficiency. For example, an energy consumption of less than 100 fJ/bit can be achieved at a slow-down factor of 6, using a doping level of 5 × 10<sup>17</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> for acceptors and 1 × 10<sup>18</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> for donors.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8255601/Optical modulatorsphotonic integrated circuitsphotonic crystal waveguides |
| spellingShingle | Reza Hosseini Levon Mirzoyan Kambiz Jamshidi Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides IEEE Photonics Journal Optical modulators photonic integrated circuits photonic crystal waveguides |
| title | Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides |
| title_full | Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides |
| title_fullStr | Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides |
| title_short | Energy Consumption Enhancement of Reverse-Biased Silicon-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators Using Corrugated Slow Light Waveguides |
| title_sort | energy consumption enhancement of reverse biased silicon based mach zehnder modulators using corrugated slow light waveguides |
| topic | Optical modulators photonic integrated circuits photonic crystal waveguides |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8255601/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rezahosseini energyconsumptionenhancementofreversebiasedsiliconbasedmachzehndermodulatorsusingcorrugatedslowlightwaveguides AT levonmirzoyan energyconsumptionenhancementofreversebiasedsiliconbasedmachzehndermodulatorsusingcorrugatedslowlightwaveguides AT kambizjamshidi energyconsumptionenhancementofreversebiasedsiliconbasedmachzehndermodulatorsusingcorrugatedslowlightwaveguides |