Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model
Abstract This research employs the cloud model method to assess the outdoor air quality in Beijing over the past ten years. The study establishes standard and evaluation clouds for major air pollutants and constructs a comprehensive evaluation cloud model for the Air Quality Index (AQI) using aggreg...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05751-1 |
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| _version_ | 1849402819842408448 |
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| author | Weidong Rao Jialu Li Hankun Guo |
| author_facet | Weidong Rao Jialu Li Hankun Guo |
| author_sort | Weidong Rao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This research employs the cloud model method to assess the outdoor air quality in Beijing over the past ten years. The study establishes standard and evaluation clouds for major air pollutants and constructs a comprehensive evaluation cloud model for the Air Quality Index (AQI) using aggregation functions and cloud model attributes. A novel normal cloud similarity measurement method based on the second-order Fréchet distance is adopted to conduct annual assessments. The core findings indicate a significant improvement in Beijing’s air quality, with the AQI showing a continuous downward trend from moderate pollution in 2014 to mild pollution in 2023. Specific pollutants such as $$PM_{10}$$ , $$PM_{2.5}$$ , and $$SO_2$$ have shown marked reductions, transitioning from good or light pollution levels to excellent ratings. The cloud model method effectively captures the probabilistic nature of pollutant concentrations, providing a more nuanced and rigorous assessment compared to traditional methods. These results validate the effectiveness and precision of the cloud model approach, offering actionable insights for environmental management and policy development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-964a7960dc1d434580eb9e2bd05e56b9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-964a7960dc1d434580eb9e2bd05e56b92025-08-20T03:37:27ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-05751-1Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud modelWeidong Rao0Jialu Li1Hankun Guo2School of Mathematical Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversitySchool of Economics, Management and Law, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversitySchool of Mathematical Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityAbstract This research employs the cloud model method to assess the outdoor air quality in Beijing over the past ten years. The study establishes standard and evaluation clouds for major air pollutants and constructs a comprehensive evaluation cloud model for the Air Quality Index (AQI) using aggregation functions and cloud model attributes. A novel normal cloud similarity measurement method based on the second-order Fréchet distance is adopted to conduct annual assessments. The core findings indicate a significant improvement in Beijing’s air quality, with the AQI showing a continuous downward trend from moderate pollution in 2014 to mild pollution in 2023. Specific pollutants such as $$PM_{10}$$ , $$PM_{2.5}$$ , and $$SO_2$$ have shown marked reductions, transitioning from good or light pollution levels to excellent ratings. The cloud model method effectively captures the probabilistic nature of pollutant concentrations, providing a more nuanced and rigorous assessment compared to traditional methods. These results validate the effectiveness and precision of the cloud model approach, offering actionable insights for environmental management and policy development.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05751-1Cloud modelAir qualityUncertaintyFréchet distance |
| spellingShingle | Weidong Rao Jialu Li Hankun Guo Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model Scientific Reports Cloud model Air quality Uncertainty Fréchet distance |
| title | Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model |
| title_full | Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model |
| title_fullStr | Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model |
| title_short | Air quality assessment in Beijing based on cloud model |
| title_sort | air quality assessment in beijing based on cloud model |
| topic | Cloud model Air quality Uncertainty Fréchet distance |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05751-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weidongrao airqualityassessmentinbeijingbasedoncloudmodel AT jialuli airqualityassessmentinbeijingbasedoncloudmodel AT hankunguo airqualityassessmentinbeijingbasedoncloudmodel |