Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background The number of malignancy patients with respiratory failure is rising in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). Our study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with or without malignancies. Methods Th...

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Main Authors: Xi Xiong, Yun Cui, Chunxia Wang, Yiping Zhou, Xiaoxuan Ma, Pin Li, Yucai Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03598-w
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author Xi Xiong
Yun Cui
Chunxia Wang
Yiping Zhou
Xiaoxuan Ma
Pin Li
Yucai Zhang
author_facet Xi Xiong
Yun Cui
Chunxia Wang
Yiping Zhou
Xiaoxuan Ma
Pin Li
Yucai Zhang
author_sort Xi Xiong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The number of malignancy patients with respiratory failure is rising in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). Our study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with or without malignancies. Methods This retrospective study reviewed medical records of 188 ARDS patients admitted to the PICU between January 2018 and December 2022, including 60 with malignancies and 128 without. Clinical data were collected within 48 h post-ARDS diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for PICU mortality in the malignancy and non-malignancy groups. Results Compared with pediatric patients without malignancy, the ARDS patients with malignancy presented higher mortality (55.0% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.002), a higher incidence of community-acquired fungal infection (36.1% vs. 6.3%, P < 0.001) and multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria (65.4% vs. 30.5%, P = 0.003). There were substantial differences in levels of lactate [1.5 (0.8–3.7) vs. 1.0 (0.7-2.0) mmol/L, P = 0.008], C-reactive protein (CRP) [150.0 (83.0-168.0) vs. 31.0 (10.0-108.0) mg/L, P = 0.02], procalcitonin (PCT) [10.4 (2.0-27.5) vs. 1.2 (0.3–6.2) mg/L, P < 0.001], counts of platelet [17.0 (8.0–73.0) vs. 232.0 (152.0-330.0) × 109/µL, P < 0.001], the distribution of CD8 + T [36.9 (26.0-53.6) vs. 21.9 (17.3–29.1) %, P < 0.001], CD19 + T cells [9.9 (0.9–30.2) vs. 33.6 (22-46.6) %, P < 0.001], and higher peak vasoactive–inotropic score (VIS) in ARDS with malignancy [73.0 (20–208) vs. 15.0 (5.0–82.0), P < 0.01]. In multivariable analysis, only VIS independently predicted mortality in ARDS patients with malignancy (OR, 1.011; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–1.018; P = 0.005). Neither pSOFA scores (OR, 1.249, 95% CI: 0.958–1.628, P = 0.101) nor lactate levels (OR, 1.192, 95% CI: 0.928–1.531, P = 0.170) showed significant associations. Conclusion ARDS patients with malignancies exhibited poorer outcomes. VIS is only an independent predictor of mortality in pediatric ARDS patients with malignancies.
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spelling doaj-art-961632f6d2d24a63a4320bc2c3d9822d2025-08-20T02:49:29ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662025-03-0125111010.1186/s12890-025-03598-wComparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort studyXi Xiong0Yun Cui1Chunxia Wang2Yiping Zhou3Xiaoxuan Ma4Pin Li5Yucai Zhang6Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityAbstract Background The number of malignancy patients with respiratory failure is rising in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). Our study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with or without malignancies. Methods This retrospective study reviewed medical records of 188 ARDS patients admitted to the PICU between January 2018 and December 2022, including 60 with malignancies and 128 without. Clinical data were collected within 48 h post-ARDS diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for PICU mortality in the malignancy and non-malignancy groups. Results Compared with pediatric patients without malignancy, the ARDS patients with malignancy presented higher mortality (55.0% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.002), a higher incidence of community-acquired fungal infection (36.1% vs. 6.3%, P < 0.001) and multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria (65.4% vs. 30.5%, P = 0.003). There were substantial differences in levels of lactate [1.5 (0.8–3.7) vs. 1.0 (0.7-2.0) mmol/L, P = 0.008], C-reactive protein (CRP) [150.0 (83.0-168.0) vs. 31.0 (10.0-108.0) mg/L, P = 0.02], procalcitonin (PCT) [10.4 (2.0-27.5) vs. 1.2 (0.3–6.2) mg/L, P < 0.001], counts of platelet [17.0 (8.0–73.0) vs. 232.0 (152.0-330.0) × 109/µL, P < 0.001], the distribution of CD8 + T [36.9 (26.0-53.6) vs. 21.9 (17.3–29.1) %, P < 0.001], CD19 + T cells [9.9 (0.9–30.2) vs. 33.6 (22-46.6) %, P < 0.001], and higher peak vasoactive–inotropic score (VIS) in ARDS with malignancy [73.0 (20–208) vs. 15.0 (5.0–82.0), P < 0.01]. In multivariable analysis, only VIS independently predicted mortality in ARDS patients with malignancy (OR, 1.011; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–1.018; P = 0.005). Neither pSOFA scores (OR, 1.249, 95% CI: 0.958–1.628, P = 0.101) nor lactate levels (OR, 1.192, 95% CI: 0.928–1.531, P = 0.170) showed significant associations. Conclusion ARDS patients with malignancies exhibited poorer outcomes. VIS is only an independent predictor of mortality in pediatric ARDS patients with malignancies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03598-wMalignanciesAcute respiratory distress syndromeVasoactive inotropic scoreChildren
spellingShingle Xi Xiong
Yun Cui
Chunxia Wang
Yiping Zhou
Xiaoxuan Ma
Pin Li
Yucai Zhang
Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Malignancies
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Vasoactive inotropic score
Children
title Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
title_full Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
title_short Comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ARDS with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study
title_sort comparing the clinical characteristics and risk factors of prognosis in pediatric ards with and without malignancies a retrospective cohort study
topic Malignancies
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Vasoactive inotropic score
Children
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03598-w
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