Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies

Time-series forecasting is essential for predicting future trends based on historical data, with significant applications in meteorology, transportation, and finance. However, existing models often exhibit unsatisfactory performance in long-term forecasting scenarios. To address this limitation, we...

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Main Authors: Jiahui Wang, Wenqian Zhou, Fangshu Chen, Liming Wang, Ruijun Pan, Chengcheng Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6371
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author Jiahui Wang
Wenqian Zhou
Fangshu Chen
Liming Wang
Ruijun Pan
Chengcheng Yu
author_facet Jiahui Wang
Wenqian Zhou
Fangshu Chen
Liming Wang
Ruijun Pan
Chengcheng Yu
author_sort Jiahui Wang
collection DOAJ
description Time-series forecasting is essential for predicting future trends based on historical data, with significant applications in meteorology, transportation, and finance. However, existing models often exhibit unsatisfactory performance in long-term forecasting scenarios. To address this limitation, we propose the Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies (TSNN-ESTD). This model leverages iTransformer as the base predictor to simultaneously train short-term and long-term forecasting models. The vanilla iTransformer’s linear decoding layer is optimized by replacing it with an LSTM layer, and an additional long-term model is introduced to enhance stability. The ensemble strategy employs short-term predictions to correct the bias in long-term forecasts. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that TSNN-ESTD reduces the MSE and MAE by 9.17% and 2.3% on five benchmark datasets.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2076-3417
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-95fab44a227a4fd3a37d6b6cc84b80b52025-08-20T02:32:34ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011511637110.3390/app15116371Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term DependenciesJiahui Wang0Wenqian Zhou1Fangshu Chen2Liming Wang3Ruijun Pan4Chengcheng Yu5School of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaSchool of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaSchool of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaSchool of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaSchool of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaSchool of Computer and Information Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, ChinaTime-series forecasting is essential for predicting future trends based on historical data, with significant applications in meteorology, transportation, and finance. However, existing models often exhibit unsatisfactory performance in long-term forecasting scenarios. To address this limitation, we propose the Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies (TSNN-ESTD). This model leverages iTransformer as the base predictor to simultaneously train short-term and long-term forecasting models. The vanilla iTransformer’s linear decoding layer is optimized by replacing it with an LSTM layer, and an additional long-term model is introduced to enhance stability. The ensemble strategy employs short-term predictions to correct the bias in long-term forecasts. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that TSNN-ESTD reduces the MSE and MAE by 9.17% and 2.3% on five benchmark datasets.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6371time-series forecastingtime-series neural networkslong-term biasshort-term dependencyensemble learning
spellingShingle Jiahui Wang
Wenqian Zhou
Fangshu Chen
Liming Wang
Ruijun Pan
Chengcheng Yu
Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
Applied Sciences
time-series forecasting
time-series neural networks
long-term bias
short-term dependency
ensemble learning
title Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
title_full Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
title_fullStr Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
title_full_unstemmed Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
title_short Mitigating Long-Term Forecasting Bias in Time-Series Neural Networks via Ensemble of Short-Term Dependencies
title_sort mitigating long term forecasting bias in time series neural networks via ensemble of short term dependencies
topic time-series forecasting
time-series neural networks
long-term bias
short-term dependency
ensemble learning
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6371
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AT fangshuchen mitigatinglongtermforecastingbiasintimeseriesneuralnetworksviaensembleofshorttermdependencies
AT limingwang mitigatinglongtermforecastingbiasintimeseriesneuralnetworksviaensembleofshorttermdependencies
AT ruijunpan mitigatinglongtermforecastingbiasintimeseriesneuralnetworksviaensembleofshorttermdependencies
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