Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents

Abstract To study the impact of car-motorcycle collisions on head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers. 33 typical car-motorcycle collision cases were selected from the National Automotive Sampling System (NAIS) database. Using PC-Crash 12.0 software, a multi-body kinematic model was establi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zucheng Lai, Daowen Zhang, Yijun Peng, Jixiang Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02210-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850125835390943232
author Zucheng Lai
Daowen Zhang
Yijun Peng
Jixiang Yang
author_facet Zucheng Lai
Daowen Zhang
Yijun Peng
Jixiang Yang
author_sort Zucheng Lai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract To study the impact of car-motorcycle collisions on head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers. 33 typical car-motorcycle collision cases were selected from the National Automotive Sampling System (NAIS) database. Using PC-Crash 12.0 software, a multi-body kinematic model was established. Firstly, a collision simulation model was developed for a real and representative car-motorcycle collision case to validate the model’s effectiveness. Based on this validated model, simulation experiments were conducted to analyze the kinematic response processes of motorcycle riders and passengers under different collision scenarios. Then, the paper analyzed the impact of factors, such as vehicle speed, collision location, and collision angle on the head injuries of motorcycle riders and passengers. The results indicated that the head HIC values of the riders and passengers decreased with increasing speed of the two-wheeled motorcycle in the left-side crash condition. Moreover, in mid-section collision scenarios where the Sedan’s speed was high and the motorcycle’s speed was low, the head injuries to both the riders and the passengers were more severe, with the passengers sustaining more severe head injuries compared to the riders. Collisions on the right-side result in the most severe overall head injuries for both the riders and the passengers. For larger collision angles, the riders’ head injuries were greater than the passenger in both mid-section and right-side collisions, In the right-side collisions, the injuries of the riders were particularly severe.
format Article
id doaj-art-95dcf7540af548f5890abd88b0dee127
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-95dcf7540af548f5890abd88b0dee1272025-08-20T02:34:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-02210-9Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidentsZucheng Lai0Daowen Zhang1Yijun Peng2Jixiang Yang3School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua UniversitySchool of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua UniversityOrganization Department of Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of ChinaSchool of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua UniversityAbstract To study the impact of car-motorcycle collisions on head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers. 33 typical car-motorcycle collision cases were selected from the National Automotive Sampling System (NAIS) database. Using PC-Crash 12.0 software, a multi-body kinematic model was established. Firstly, a collision simulation model was developed for a real and representative car-motorcycle collision case to validate the model’s effectiveness. Based on this validated model, simulation experiments were conducted to analyze the kinematic response processes of motorcycle riders and passengers under different collision scenarios. Then, the paper analyzed the impact of factors, such as vehicle speed, collision location, and collision angle on the head injuries of motorcycle riders and passengers. The results indicated that the head HIC values of the riders and passengers decreased with increasing speed of the two-wheeled motorcycle in the left-side crash condition. Moreover, in mid-section collision scenarios where the Sedan’s speed was high and the motorcycle’s speed was low, the head injuries to both the riders and the passengers were more severe, with the passengers sustaining more severe head injuries compared to the riders. Collisions on the right-side result in the most severe overall head injuries for both the riders and the passengers. For larger collision angles, the riders’ head injuries were greater than the passenger in both mid-section and right-side collisions, In the right-side collisions, the injuries of the riders were particularly severe.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02210-9Head injuriesTwo-wheeled motorcyclesCar-motorcycle collisionPC-crash
spellingShingle Zucheng Lai
Daowen Zhang
Yijun Peng
Jixiang Yang
Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
Scientific Reports
Head injuries
Two-wheeled motorcycles
Car-motorcycle collision
PC-crash
title Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
title_full Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
title_fullStr Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
title_full_unstemmed Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
title_short Study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
title_sort study of head injuries to motorcycle riders and passengers in car and motorcycle collision accidents
topic Head injuries
Two-wheeled motorcycles
Car-motorcycle collision
PC-crash
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02210-9
work_keys_str_mv AT zuchenglai studyofheadinjuriestomotorcycleridersandpassengersincarandmotorcyclecollisionaccidents
AT daowenzhang studyofheadinjuriestomotorcycleridersandpassengersincarandmotorcyclecollisionaccidents
AT yijunpeng studyofheadinjuriestomotorcycleridersandpassengersincarandmotorcyclecollisionaccidents
AT jixiangyang studyofheadinjuriestomotorcycleridersandpassengersincarandmotorcyclecollisionaccidents