El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific

Abstract We examined the covariation of sea surface salinity (SSS) and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation time scale, using a canonical correlation analysis of monthly data between 2001 and 2013. The dominant covariation, i.e....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Akira Nagano, Takuya Hasegawa, Iwao Ueki, Kentaro Ando
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2017-07-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073573
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850134585861472256
author Akira Nagano
Takuya Hasegawa
Iwao Ueki
Kentaro Ando
author_facet Akira Nagano
Takuya Hasegawa
Iwao Ueki
Kentaro Ando
author_sort Akira Nagano
collection DOAJ
description Abstract We examined the covariation of sea surface salinity (SSS) and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation time scale, using a canonical correlation analysis of monthly data between 2001 and 2013. The dominant covariation, i.e., the first canonical mode, has large positive and negative amplitudes in regions east of the Philippines and New Guinea, respectively, and reaches peaks in autumn to winter of El Niño years. The positive SSS anomaly east of the Philippines is advected to the Kuroshio Extension region. We found that the second canonical mode is another coupled variation with localized amplitudes of SSS under the atmospheric convergence zones in winter to spring of La Niña years. However, the negative SSS anomaly is annihilated possibly by the evaporation in the subtropical region.
format Article
id doaj-art-95d7ae9dfb1440ca95faffbf2a81bd2a
institution OA Journals
issn 0094-8276
1944-8007
language English
publishDate 2017-07-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-95d7ae9dfb1440ca95faffbf2a81bd2a2025-08-20T02:31:40ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072017-07-0144136895690310.1002/2017GL073573El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical PacificAkira Nagano0Takuya Hasegawa1Iwao Ueki2Kentaro Ando3Research and Development Center for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka JapanResearch and Development Center for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka JapanResearch and Development Center for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka JapanResearch and Development Center for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka JapanAbstract We examined the covariation of sea surface salinity (SSS) and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation time scale, using a canonical correlation analysis of monthly data between 2001 and 2013. The dominant covariation, i.e., the first canonical mode, has large positive and negative amplitudes in regions east of the Philippines and New Guinea, respectively, and reaches peaks in autumn to winter of El Niño years. The positive SSS anomaly east of the Philippines is advected to the Kuroshio Extension region. We found that the second canonical mode is another coupled variation with localized amplitudes of SSS under the atmospheric convergence zones in winter to spring of La Niña years. However, the negative SSS anomaly is annihilated possibly by the evaporation in the subtropical region.https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073573western PacificPhilippine SeaENSOsalinityfreshwater flux
spellingShingle Akira Nagano
Takuya Hasegawa
Iwao Ueki
Kentaro Ando
El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
Geophysical Research Letters
western Pacific
Philippine Sea
ENSO
salinity
freshwater flux
title El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
title_full El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
title_fullStr El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
title_full_unstemmed El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
title_short El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical Pacific
title_sort el nino southern oscillation time scale covariation of sea surface salinity and freshwater flux in the western tropical and northern subtropical pacific
topic western Pacific
Philippine Sea
ENSO
salinity
freshwater flux
url https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073573
work_keys_str_mv AT akiranagano elninosouthernoscillationtimescalecovariationofseasurfacesalinityandfreshwaterfluxinthewesterntropicalandnorthernsubtropicalpacific
AT takuyahasegawa elninosouthernoscillationtimescalecovariationofseasurfacesalinityandfreshwaterfluxinthewesterntropicalandnorthernsubtropicalpacific
AT iwaoueki elninosouthernoscillationtimescalecovariationofseasurfacesalinityandfreshwaterfluxinthewesterntropicalandnorthernsubtropicalpacific
AT kentaroando elninosouthernoscillationtimescalecovariationofseasurfacesalinityandfreshwaterfluxinthewesterntropicalandnorthernsubtropicalpacific