Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2
IntroductionThe increasing global demand for starch has created an urgent need to identify more efficient and sustainable production methods. However, traditional starch sources, such as crop-based options, experience significant bottlenecks due to limitations in land use, water consumption, and the...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1531849/full |
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| author | Ling Guo Ling Guo Yang Fang Songhu Wang Yao Xiao Yanqiang Ding Yanling Jin Xueping Tian Anping Du Zhihua Liao Kaize He Shuang Chen Yonggui Zhao Li Tan Zhuolin Yi Yuqing Che Lanchai Chen Jinmeng Li Leyi Zhao Peng Zhang Zhengbiao Gu Fangyuan Zhang Yan Hong Qing Zhang Hai Zhao |
| author_facet | Ling Guo Ling Guo Yang Fang Songhu Wang Yao Xiao Yanqiang Ding Yanling Jin Xueping Tian Anping Du Zhihua Liao Kaize He Shuang Chen Yonggui Zhao Li Tan Zhuolin Yi Yuqing Che Lanchai Chen Jinmeng Li Leyi Zhao Peng Zhang Zhengbiao Gu Fangyuan Zhang Yan Hong Qing Zhang Hai Zhao |
| author_sort | Ling Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe increasing global demand for starch has created an urgent need to identify more efficient and sustainable production methods. However, traditional starch sources, such as crop-based options, experience significant bottlenecks due to limitations in land use, water consumption, and the impacts of climate change. Therefore, there is a pressing need to explore and develop new sources of starch.MethodsWe develop a novel duckweed cultivation technology that combines nutrients limitation and CO2 supplementation to achieve very high starch content. In this study, we integrated whole-genome sequencing, epigenomics, transcriptomics, enzyme activity, and composition variation to elucidate the mechanisms of efficient starch accumulation in duckweed in terms of starch accumulation and carbon partitioning, regulation of the expression of genes in the starch metabolic pathway, and sucrose biosynthesis and transportation.Results and discussionAlthough Landoltia punctata exhibits dramatic gene family contraction, its starch content and productivity reached 72.2% (dry basis) and 10.4 g m-2 d-1, respectively, in 10 days, equivalent to a yield of 38.0 t ha-1 y-1, under nutrient limitation treatment with elevated CO2 levels. We also examined the mechanism of high starch accumulation in duckweed. This phenomenon is associated with the regulation of DNA methylation and transcription factors as well as the significantly upregulated transcription levels and the increased activities of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis. Moreover, while nitrogen redistribution was increased, sucrose biosynthesis and transportation and lignocellulose biosynthesis were reduced. These alterations led to a reduction in lignocellulose and protein contents and ultimately an increase in the accumulation of starch in the chloroplasts.ConclusionThis work demonstrates the potential of duckweed as a highly efficient starch producer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-95d68840e6234c41b4ee444886bf3f01 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-95d68840e6234c41b4ee444886bf3f012025-02-10T06:48:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-02-011610.3389/fpls.2025.15318491531849Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2Ling Guo0Ling Guo1Yang Fang2Songhu Wang3Yao Xiao4Yanqiang Ding5Yanling Jin6Xueping Tian7Anping Du8Zhihua Liao9Kaize He10Shuang Chen11Yonggui Zhao12Li Tan13Zhuolin Yi14Yuqing Che15Lanchai Chen16Jinmeng Li17Leyi Zhao18Peng Zhang19Zhengbiao Gu20Fangyuan Zhang21Yan Hong22Qing Zhang23Hai Zhao24CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaAnalytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Biology, Pitzer College, Claremont, CA, United StatesNational Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, ChinaSchool of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, ChinaCollege of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Engineering and Research Center for Natural Medicines, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaIntroductionThe increasing global demand for starch has created an urgent need to identify more efficient and sustainable production methods. However, traditional starch sources, such as crop-based options, experience significant bottlenecks due to limitations in land use, water consumption, and the impacts of climate change. Therefore, there is a pressing need to explore and develop new sources of starch.MethodsWe develop a novel duckweed cultivation technology that combines nutrients limitation and CO2 supplementation to achieve very high starch content. In this study, we integrated whole-genome sequencing, epigenomics, transcriptomics, enzyme activity, and composition variation to elucidate the mechanisms of efficient starch accumulation in duckweed in terms of starch accumulation and carbon partitioning, regulation of the expression of genes in the starch metabolic pathway, and sucrose biosynthesis and transportation.Results and discussionAlthough Landoltia punctata exhibits dramatic gene family contraction, its starch content and productivity reached 72.2% (dry basis) and 10.4 g m-2 d-1, respectively, in 10 days, equivalent to a yield of 38.0 t ha-1 y-1, under nutrient limitation treatment with elevated CO2 levels. We also examined the mechanism of high starch accumulation in duckweed. This phenomenon is associated with the regulation of DNA methylation and transcription factors as well as the significantly upregulated transcription levels and the increased activities of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis. Moreover, while nitrogen redistribution was increased, sucrose biosynthesis and transportation and lignocellulose biosynthesis were reduced. These alterations led to a reduction in lignocellulose and protein contents and ultimately an increase in the accumulation of starch in the chloroplasts.ConclusionThis work demonstrates the potential of duckweed as a highly efficient starch producer.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1531849/fullduckweedhigh-efficiency starch producerartificial cultivation“source” to “sink”weak “flow” |
| spellingShingle | Ling Guo Ling Guo Yang Fang Songhu Wang Yao Xiao Yanqiang Ding Yanling Jin Xueping Tian Anping Du Zhihua Liao Kaize He Shuang Chen Yonggui Zhao Li Tan Zhuolin Yi Yuqing Che Lanchai Chen Jinmeng Li Leyi Zhao Peng Zhang Zhengbiao Gu Fangyuan Zhang Yan Hong Qing Zhang Hai Zhao Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 Frontiers in Plant Science duckweed high-efficiency starch producer artificial cultivation “source” to “sink” weak “flow” |
| title | Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 |
| title_full | Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 |
| title_fullStr | Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 |
| title_short | Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO2 |
| title_sort | duckweed a starch hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated co2 |
| topic | duckweed high-efficiency starch producer artificial cultivation “source” to “sink” weak “flow” |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1531849/full |
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