Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations

ABSTRACT Purpose Recent work noted lower overall survival (OS) in American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) individuals diagnosed with colon cancer compared with non‐Hispanic White (NHW) individuals. Rectal cancer demographic profiles at diagnosis and survival outcomes have not been reported. We sought...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Broc S. Kelley, Cibele B. Carroll, John M. Hampton, Margaret R. Walker, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Dana Hayden, Andrea Schiefelbein, Roberto J. Vidri, Bret Benally Thompson, Noelle K. LoConte
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-04-01
Series:Cancer Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70892
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850178987591991296
author Broc S. Kelley
Cibele B. Carroll
John M. Hampton
Margaret R. Walker
Syed Nabeel Zafar
Dana Hayden
Andrea Schiefelbein
Roberto J. Vidri
Bret Benally Thompson
Noelle K. LoConte
author_facet Broc S. Kelley
Cibele B. Carroll
John M. Hampton
Margaret R. Walker
Syed Nabeel Zafar
Dana Hayden
Andrea Schiefelbein
Roberto J. Vidri
Bret Benally Thompson
Noelle K. LoConte
author_sort Broc S. Kelley
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Purpose Recent work noted lower overall survival (OS) in American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) individuals diagnosed with colon cancer compared with non‐Hispanic White (NHW) individuals. Rectal cancer demographic profiles at diagnosis and survival outcomes have not been reported. We sought to identify differences in rectal cancer diagnosis and outcomes between AI/AN and White populations. Methods White and AI/AN patients aged 18 or older, diagnosed between 2004 and 2020 with rectal adenocarcinoma were identified within the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were used to evaluate demographic and clinical standardized differences (stddiff) between AI/AN and White patients. Survival analyses of those diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (Stage II/III) were performed using the Kaplan–Meier methods and multivariate Cox‐proportional hazards modeling. Results 176,341 eligible cases were identified: 0.6% were AI/AN (N = 992) and 99.4% White (N = 175,349). Compared to the White population, AI/AN patients were younger at diagnosis (mean age 59.9 vs. 64.5 years; stddiff = 0.36) and had more advanced stage disease (44.8% vs. 43.7%; stddiff = 0.15). A higher percentage of AI/AN resided in the areas of the lowest median income (35.5% vs. 15.1%; stddiff = 0.62) per zip code, rural (9.9% vs. 2.2%; stddiff = 0.65), and used Medicaid as their primary payor (14.3% vs. 6.2%; stddiff = 0.63). Adjusted analyses suggest the AI/AN group has an increased hazard of death compared with the White population (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.25; p = 0.003). Conclusions AI/AN patients with rectal cancer have a younger age and a more advanced stage at diagnosis. AI/AN race is associated with lower OS compared to White patients in multivariable analyses. Future efforts should focus on increasing colorectal cancer screening and access to treatment for AI/AN populations in an attempt to improve survival outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-95c63c6e7d52488f8352b65a41c41202
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-7634
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Cancer Medicine
spelling doaj-art-95c63c6e7d52488f8352b65a41c412022025-08-20T02:18:36ZengWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342025-04-01148n/an/a10.1002/cam4.70892Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native PopulationsBroc S. Kelley0Cibele B. Carroll1John M. Hampton2Margaret R. Walker3Syed Nabeel Zafar4Dana Hayden5Andrea Schiefelbein6Roberto J. Vidri7Bret Benally Thompson8Noelle K. LoConte9Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USAUniversity of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USAUniversity of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USADepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USAUniversity of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USAUniversity of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison Wisconsin USAMorgridge Institute for Research Madison Wisconsin USADivision of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USADepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USADepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USAABSTRACT Purpose Recent work noted lower overall survival (OS) in American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) individuals diagnosed with colon cancer compared with non‐Hispanic White (NHW) individuals. Rectal cancer demographic profiles at diagnosis and survival outcomes have not been reported. We sought to identify differences in rectal cancer diagnosis and outcomes between AI/AN and White populations. Methods White and AI/AN patients aged 18 or older, diagnosed between 2004 and 2020 with rectal adenocarcinoma were identified within the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were used to evaluate demographic and clinical standardized differences (stddiff) between AI/AN and White patients. Survival analyses of those diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (Stage II/III) were performed using the Kaplan–Meier methods and multivariate Cox‐proportional hazards modeling. Results 176,341 eligible cases were identified: 0.6% were AI/AN (N = 992) and 99.4% White (N = 175,349). Compared to the White population, AI/AN patients were younger at diagnosis (mean age 59.9 vs. 64.5 years; stddiff = 0.36) and had more advanced stage disease (44.8% vs. 43.7%; stddiff = 0.15). A higher percentage of AI/AN resided in the areas of the lowest median income (35.5% vs. 15.1%; stddiff = 0.62) per zip code, rural (9.9% vs. 2.2%; stddiff = 0.65), and used Medicaid as their primary payor (14.3% vs. 6.2%; stddiff = 0.63). Adjusted analyses suggest the AI/AN group has an increased hazard of death compared with the White population (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.25; p = 0.003). Conclusions AI/AN patients with rectal cancer have a younger age and a more advanced stage at diagnosis. AI/AN race is associated with lower OS compared to White patients in multivariable analyses. Future efforts should focus on increasing colorectal cancer screening and access to treatment for AI/AN populations in an attempt to improve survival outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70892American Indian or Alaska Nativecolorectal cancerhealth status disparitiesminority healthrectal cancer
spellingShingle Broc S. Kelley
Cibele B. Carroll
John M. Hampton
Margaret R. Walker
Syed Nabeel Zafar
Dana Hayden
Andrea Schiefelbein
Roberto J. Vidri
Bret Benally Thompson
Noelle K. LoConte
Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
Cancer Medicine
American Indian or Alaska Native
colorectal cancer
health status disparities
minority health
rectal cancer
title Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
title_full Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
title_fullStr Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
title_full_unstemmed Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
title_short Rectal Cancer Disparities Among the American Indian/Alaskan Native Populations
title_sort rectal cancer disparities among the american indian alaskan native populations
topic American Indian or Alaska Native
colorectal cancer
health status disparities
minority health
rectal cancer
url https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70892
work_keys_str_mv AT brocskelley rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT cibelebcarroll rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT johnmhampton rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT margaretrwalker rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT syednabeelzafar rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT danahayden rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT andreaschiefelbein rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT robertojvidri rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT bretbenallythompson rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations
AT noellekloconte rectalcancerdisparitiesamongtheamericanindianalaskannativepopulations