Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
The recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dy...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247 |
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| author | Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes Rita Sulub-Sulub Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra Santiago Duarte Erik Uc-Fernandez Daniel Pérez-Canales Manuel Aguilar-Vega Maria Ortencia González-Díaz |
| author_facet | Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes Rita Sulub-Sulub Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra Santiago Duarte Erik Uc-Fernandez Daniel Pérez-Canales Manuel Aguilar-Vega Maria Ortencia González-Díaz |
| author_sort | Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dye removals. The incorporation of sulfonic acid (-SO<sub>3</sub>H) groups into HIPS waste by direct chemical sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA), at two different concentrations, was investigated to impart antifouling properties in membranes for water treatment. Asymmetric membranes from recycled HIPS, R-HIPS, R-HIPS-3, and R-HIPS-5 with 3 and 5% sulfonation degrees, respectively. Sulfonated HIPS shows a decrease in water contact angle (WCA) from 83.8° for recycled R-HIPS to 66.1° for R-HIPS-5, respectively. A WCA decrease leads to an increase in antifouling properties for R-HIPS-5, compared to non-sulfonated R-HIPS, which leads to a higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) and enhanced separation properties for sulfonated membranes. The HIPS-5 membrane exhibited the highest rejection rates for Reactive Black 5 dye (94%) and divalent salts (72% for MgSO<sub>4</sub> and 67% for Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>). The performance of the recycled HIPS asymmetric membranes is well correlated with porosity, water uptake, and the higher negative charge from the sulfonic acid groups present, which enhance the electrostatic repulsions of salts and dyes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-95ac079b64ef4bd1a802f6c42f8b327f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj-art-95ac079b64ef4bd1a802f6c42f8b327f2025-08-20T02:43:43ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752024-11-01141224710.3390/membranes14120247Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater TreatmentMarcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes0Rita Sulub-Sulub1Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra2Santiago Duarte3Erik Uc-Fernandez4Daniel Pérez-Canales5Manuel Aguilar-Vega6Maria Ortencia González-Díaz7Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoIndependent Researcher, Calle Florida 9 Int. 17, Col. Noche Buena, Del. Benito Juárez, Ciudad de México 03720, Distrito Federal, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCONAHCYT—Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoThe recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dye removals. The incorporation of sulfonic acid (-SO<sub>3</sub>H) groups into HIPS waste by direct chemical sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA), at two different concentrations, was investigated to impart antifouling properties in membranes for water treatment. Asymmetric membranes from recycled HIPS, R-HIPS, R-HIPS-3, and R-HIPS-5 with 3 and 5% sulfonation degrees, respectively. Sulfonated HIPS shows a decrease in water contact angle (WCA) from 83.8° for recycled R-HIPS to 66.1° for R-HIPS-5, respectively. A WCA decrease leads to an increase in antifouling properties for R-HIPS-5, compared to non-sulfonated R-HIPS, which leads to a higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) and enhanced separation properties for sulfonated membranes. The HIPS-5 membrane exhibited the highest rejection rates for Reactive Black 5 dye (94%) and divalent salts (72% for MgSO<sub>4</sub> and 67% for Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>). The performance of the recycled HIPS asymmetric membranes is well correlated with porosity, water uptake, and the higher negative charge from the sulfonic acid groups present, which enhance the electrostatic repulsions of salts and dyes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247asymmetric membraneshigh-impact polystyrene wastedye removalwater treatmentsulfonated high-impact polystyrene |
| spellingShingle | Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes Rita Sulub-Sulub Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra Santiago Duarte Erik Uc-Fernandez Daniel Pérez-Canales Manuel Aguilar-Vega Maria Ortencia González-Díaz Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment Membranes asymmetric membranes high-impact polystyrene waste dye removal water treatment sulfonated high-impact polystyrene |
| title | Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full | Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_short | Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_sort | asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated hips waste with potential application in wastewater treatment |
| topic | asymmetric membranes high-impact polystyrene waste dye removal water treatment sulfonated high-impact polystyrene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247 |
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