Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment

The recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dy...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes, Rita Sulub-Sulub, Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra, Santiago Duarte, Erik Uc-Fernandez, Daniel Pérez-Canales, Manuel Aguilar-Vega, Maria Ortencia González-Díaz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Membranes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850085446221037568
author Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes
Rita Sulub-Sulub
Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra
Santiago Duarte
Erik Uc-Fernandez
Daniel Pérez-Canales
Manuel Aguilar-Vega
Maria Ortencia González-Díaz
author_facet Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes
Rita Sulub-Sulub
Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra
Santiago Duarte
Erik Uc-Fernandez
Daniel Pérez-Canales
Manuel Aguilar-Vega
Maria Ortencia González-Díaz
author_sort Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes
collection DOAJ
description The recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dye removals. The incorporation of sulfonic acid (-SO<sub>3</sub>H) groups into HIPS waste by direct chemical sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA), at two different concentrations, was investigated to impart antifouling properties in membranes for water treatment. Asymmetric membranes from recycled HIPS, R-HIPS, R-HIPS-3, and R-HIPS-5 with 3 and 5% sulfonation degrees, respectively. Sulfonated HIPS shows a decrease in water contact angle (WCA) from 83.8° for recycled R-HIPS to 66.1° for R-HIPS-5, respectively. A WCA decrease leads to an increase in antifouling properties for R-HIPS-5, compared to non-sulfonated R-HIPS, which leads to a higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) and enhanced separation properties for sulfonated membranes. The HIPS-5 membrane exhibited the highest rejection rates for Reactive Black 5 dye (94%) and divalent salts (72% for MgSO<sub>4</sub> and 67% for Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>). The performance of the recycled HIPS asymmetric membranes is well correlated with porosity, water uptake, and the higher negative charge from the sulfonic acid groups present, which enhance the electrostatic repulsions of salts and dyes.
format Article
id doaj-art-95ac079b64ef4bd1a802f6c42f8b327f
institution DOAJ
issn 2077-0375
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Membranes
spelling doaj-art-95ac079b64ef4bd1a802f6c42f8b327f2025-08-20T02:43:43ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752024-11-01141224710.3390/membranes14120247Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater TreatmentMarcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes0Rita Sulub-Sulub1Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra2Santiago Duarte3Erik Uc-Fernandez4Daniel Pérez-Canales5Manuel Aguilar-Vega6Maria Ortencia González-Díaz7Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoIndependent Researcher, Calle Florida 9 Int. 17, Col. Noche Buena, Del. Benito Juárez, Ciudad de México 03720, Distrito Federal, MexicoCentro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoCONAHCYT—Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, MexicoThe recovery and reuse of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) into high-value products is crucial for reducing environmental thermoplastics waste and promoting sustainable materials for various applications. In this study, asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated HIPS waste were used for salt and dye removals. The incorporation of sulfonic acid (-SO<sub>3</sub>H) groups into HIPS waste by direct chemical sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA), at two different concentrations, was investigated to impart antifouling properties in membranes for water treatment. Asymmetric membranes from recycled HIPS, R-HIPS, R-HIPS-3, and R-HIPS-5 with 3 and 5% sulfonation degrees, respectively. Sulfonated HIPS shows a decrease in water contact angle (WCA) from 83.8° for recycled R-HIPS to 66.1° for R-HIPS-5, respectively. A WCA decrease leads to an increase in antifouling properties for R-HIPS-5, compared to non-sulfonated R-HIPS, which leads to a higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) and enhanced separation properties for sulfonated membranes. The HIPS-5 membrane exhibited the highest rejection rates for Reactive Black 5 dye (94%) and divalent salts (72% for MgSO<sub>4</sub> and 67% for Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>). The performance of the recycled HIPS asymmetric membranes is well correlated with porosity, water uptake, and the higher negative charge from the sulfonic acid groups present, which enhance the electrostatic repulsions of salts and dyes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247asymmetric membraneshigh-impact polystyrene wastedye removalwater treatmentsulfonated high-impact polystyrene
spellingShingle Marcial Alfredo Yam-Cervantes
Rita Sulub-Sulub
Mauricio Hunh-Ibarra
Santiago Duarte
Erik Uc-Fernandez
Daniel Pérez-Canales
Manuel Aguilar-Vega
Maria Ortencia González-Díaz
Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
Membranes
asymmetric membranes
high-impact polystyrene waste
dye removal
water treatment
sulfonated high-impact polystyrene
title Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
title_full Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
title_fullStr Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
title_short Asymmetric Membranes Obtained from Sulfonated HIPS Waste with Potential Application in Wastewater Treatment
title_sort asymmetric membranes obtained from sulfonated hips waste with potential application in wastewater treatment
topic asymmetric membranes
high-impact polystyrene waste
dye removal
water treatment
sulfonated high-impact polystyrene
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/14/12/247
work_keys_str_mv AT marcialalfredoyamcervantes asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT ritasulubsulub asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT mauriciohunhibarra asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT santiagoduarte asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT erikucfernandez asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT danielperezcanales asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT manuelaguilarvega asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment
AT mariaortenciagonzalezdiaz asymmetricmembranesobtainedfromsulfonatedhipswastewithpotentialapplicationinwastewatertreatment