Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects
Muscarinic receptors are expressed by most cell types and mediate cellular signaling of their natural ligand acetylcholine. Thereby, they control numerous central and peripheral physiological organ responses to neuronal activity. In the human lung, muscarinic receptors are predominantly expressed by...
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/409580 |
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| author | George Karakiulakis Michael Roth |
| author_facet | George Karakiulakis Michael Roth |
| author_sort | George Karakiulakis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Muscarinic receptors are expressed by most cell types and mediate cellular signaling of their natural ligand acetylcholine. Thereby, they control numerous central and peripheral physiological organ responses to neuronal activity. In the human lung, muscarinic receptors are predominantly expressed by smooth muscle cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Antimuscarinic agents are used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to a lesser extent for asthma. They are primarily used as bronchodilators, but it is now accepted that they are also associated with anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiremodeling effects. Remodeling of the small airways is a major pathology in COPD and impairs lung function through changes of the extracellular matrix. Glycosaminoglycans, particularly hyaluronic acid, and matrix metalloproteases are among extracellular matrix molecules that have been associated with tissue inflammation and remodeling in lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Since muscarinic receptors have been shown to influence the homeostasis of glycosaminoglycans and matrix metalloproteases, these molecules may be proved valuable endpoint targets in clinical studies for the pharmacological exploitation of the anti-inflammatory and antiremodeling effects of muscarinic inhibitors in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-95a242757e1a4d9196e7fa1edce5c999 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-95a242757e1a4d9196e7fa1edce5c9992025-08-20T03:20:33ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612012-01-01201210.1155/2012/409580409580Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling EffectsGeorge Karakiulakis0Michael Roth1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreecePulmonary Cell Research-Pneumology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, SwitzerlandMuscarinic receptors are expressed by most cell types and mediate cellular signaling of their natural ligand acetylcholine. Thereby, they control numerous central and peripheral physiological organ responses to neuronal activity. In the human lung, muscarinic receptors are predominantly expressed by smooth muscle cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Antimuscarinic agents are used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to a lesser extent for asthma. They are primarily used as bronchodilators, but it is now accepted that they are also associated with anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiremodeling effects. Remodeling of the small airways is a major pathology in COPD and impairs lung function through changes of the extracellular matrix. Glycosaminoglycans, particularly hyaluronic acid, and matrix metalloproteases are among extracellular matrix molecules that have been associated with tissue inflammation and remodeling in lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Since muscarinic receptors have been shown to influence the homeostasis of glycosaminoglycans and matrix metalloproteases, these molecules may be proved valuable endpoint targets in clinical studies for the pharmacological exploitation of the anti-inflammatory and antiremodeling effects of muscarinic inhibitors in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/409580 |
| spellingShingle | George Karakiulakis Michael Roth Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects |
| title_full | Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects |
| title_fullStr | Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects |
| title_short | Muscarinic Receptors and Their Antagonists in COPD: Anti-Inflammatory and Antiremodeling Effects |
| title_sort | muscarinic receptors and their antagonists in copd anti inflammatory and antiremodeling effects |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/409580 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT georgekarakiulakis muscarinicreceptorsandtheirantagonistsincopdantiinflammatoryandantiremodelingeffects AT michaelroth muscarinicreceptorsandtheirantagonistsincopdantiinflammatoryandantiremodelingeffects |