Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in multiple sclerosis in a clinical practice setting. Methods. Clinical data for all adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with off-label rituximab at a single MS center in Lebanon between March 2008 and April 2017 were retros...

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Main Authors: Bassem I. Yamout, Nabil K. El-Ayoubi, Johny Nicolas, Yehya El Kouzi, Samia J. Khoury, Maya M. Zeineddine
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:Journal of Immunology Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9084759
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author Bassem I. Yamout
Nabil K. El-Ayoubi
Johny Nicolas
Yehya El Kouzi
Samia J. Khoury
Maya M. Zeineddine
author_facet Bassem I. Yamout
Nabil K. El-Ayoubi
Johny Nicolas
Yehya El Kouzi
Samia J. Khoury
Maya M. Zeineddine
author_sort Bassem I. Yamout
collection DOAJ
description Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in multiple sclerosis in a clinical practice setting. Methods. Clinical data for all adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with off-label rituximab at a single MS center in Lebanon between March 2008 and April 2017 were retrospectively collected from medical charts. The main efficacy outcomes assessed were annualized relapse rate (ARR) and proportion of patients free from relapses, disability progression, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity. Results. A total of 89 rituximab-treated patients were included: 59 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 30 progressive MS (PMS). Patients were treated with 1000 or 2000 mg rituximab IV every 6–12 months for a mean duration of 22.2 ± 24.8 months. The subjects were 65.2% females with a mean age of 40.5 ± 12.3 years and a mean disease duration of 7.9 ± 6.2 years. During treatment, the ARR decreased from 1.07 at baseline to 0.11 in RRMS (p<0.0001) and from 0.25 to 0.16 in PMS patients (p=0.593). The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) remained unchanged in both RRMS and PMS patients. Between baseline and the last follow-up, the percent of patients free from any new MRI lesions increased from 18.6% to 92.6% in the RRMS group and from 43.3% to 82% in the PMS group. No evidence of disease activity (NEDA) was achieved in 74% of patients at 1 year of treatment. A total of 64 adverse events (AEs) (71.9%) were recorded with the most common being infusion-related reactions in 25.8% of patients, all mild in nature. Two of our rituximab-treated patients experienced serious AEs requiring surgical interventions: pyoderma gangrenosum vaginalis with perianal abscess and fistula and an increase in the size of a meningioma. No case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) was detected. Conclusion. In our real-world cohort, rituximab was well-tolerated and effective in reducing relapse rate and disability progression in relapsing-remitting and progressive MS patients.
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spelling doaj-art-954b1b25108a4ddf87b02f997efbbab12025-08-20T03:37:01ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562018-01-01201810.1155/2018/90847599084759Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational StudyBassem I. Yamout0Nabil K. El-Ayoubi1Johny Nicolas2Yehya El Kouzi3Samia J. Khoury4Maya M. Zeineddine5Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, LebanonNehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, LebanonFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, LebanonNehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, LebanonNehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, LebanonNehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, LebanonObjective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in multiple sclerosis in a clinical practice setting. Methods. Clinical data for all adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with off-label rituximab at a single MS center in Lebanon between March 2008 and April 2017 were retrospectively collected from medical charts. The main efficacy outcomes assessed were annualized relapse rate (ARR) and proportion of patients free from relapses, disability progression, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity. Results. A total of 89 rituximab-treated patients were included: 59 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 30 progressive MS (PMS). Patients were treated with 1000 or 2000 mg rituximab IV every 6–12 months for a mean duration of 22.2 ± 24.8 months. The subjects were 65.2% females with a mean age of 40.5 ± 12.3 years and a mean disease duration of 7.9 ± 6.2 years. During treatment, the ARR decreased from 1.07 at baseline to 0.11 in RRMS (p<0.0001) and from 0.25 to 0.16 in PMS patients (p=0.593). The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) remained unchanged in both RRMS and PMS patients. Between baseline and the last follow-up, the percent of patients free from any new MRI lesions increased from 18.6% to 92.6% in the RRMS group and from 43.3% to 82% in the PMS group. No evidence of disease activity (NEDA) was achieved in 74% of patients at 1 year of treatment. A total of 64 adverse events (AEs) (71.9%) were recorded with the most common being infusion-related reactions in 25.8% of patients, all mild in nature. Two of our rituximab-treated patients experienced serious AEs requiring surgical interventions: pyoderma gangrenosum vaginalis with perianal abscess and fistula and an increase in the size of a meningioma. No case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) was detected. Conclusion. In our real-world cohort, rituximab was well-tolerated and effective in reducing relapse rate and disability progression in relapsing-remitting and progressive MS patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9084759
spellingShingle Bassem I. Yamout
Nabil K. El-Ayoubi
Johny Nicolas
Yehya El Kouzi
Samia J. Khoury
Maya M. Zeineddine
Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
Journal of Immunology Research
title Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_fullStr Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_short Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_sort safety and efficacy of rituximab in multiple sclerosis a retrospective observational study
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9084759
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