Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms

This research proposes an explanatory deep learning-based music generation approach, where the output of a deep learning model is validated through a set of predefined musical rules, with a refinement process applied when inaccuracies are detected. The study focuses on gamelan, a traditional form of...

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Main Authors: Ahmad Zainul Fanani, Arry Maulana Syarif, Ika Novita Dewi, Abdul Karim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11029210/
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author Ahmad Zainul Fanani
Arry Maulana Syarif
Ika Novita Dewi
Abdul Karim
author_facet Ahmad Zainul Fanani
Arry Maulana Syarif
Ika Novita Dewi
Abdul Karim
author_sort Ahmad Zainul Fanani
collection DOAJ
description This research proposes an explanatory deep learning-based music generation approach, where the output of a deep learning model is validated through a set of predefined musical rules, with a refinement process applied when inaccuracies are detected. The study focuses on gamelan, a traditional form of Indonesian music. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is used to generate musical compositions, while a modified Genetic Algorithm (GA), omitting the selection and crossover operators, performs validation and, when necessary, refinement via mutation. The LSTM network produces initial compositions, and the GA module ensures compliance with musical rules, enhancing both explainability and creativity. The model successfully generates new bars and lines with notation sequences not found in the original dataset, indicating creative variation. Whether produced directly by the LSTM or refined through GA, the generated output demonstrates the system’s ability to innovate while preserving core musical characteristics. Furthermore, the GA-based validation allows the generated music to be interpreted in terms of the underlying rule constraints. The evaluation using the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient T-test provides supporting evidence that the proposed automatic music generation (AMG) model is capable of learning and generating gamelan music effectively. The LSTM component, functioning based on its ability to creatively generate note sequences, and the GA component, tasked with validation and refinement, have both proven to collaborate effectively and fulfill their respective roles. These findings support the effectiveness of the proposed model in fostering creative exploration of new tonal patterns aligned with the target genre.
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spelling doaj-art-952d78b209ef45b5b8fd91f7b83e19302025-08-20T03:29:22ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-011310528010530110.1109/ACCESS.2025.357844911029210Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic AlgorithmsAhmad Zainul Fanani0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1352-9401Arry Maulana Syarif1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-4956Ika Novita Dewi2https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5551-379XAbdul Karim3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2190-7210Research Center of Computer Science in Arts and Culture, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Semarang, IndonesiaResearch Center of Computer Science in Arts and Culture, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Semarang, IndonesiaResearch Center of Computer Science in Arts and Culture, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of KoreaThis research proposes an explanatory deep learning-based music generation approach, where the output of a deep learning model is validated through a set of predefined musical rules, with a refinement process applied when inaccuracies are detected. The study focuses on gamelan, a traditional form of Indonesian music. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is used to generate musical compositions, while a modified Genetic Algorithm (GA), omitting the selection and crossover operators, performs validation and, when necessary, refinement via mutation. The LSTM network produces initial compositions, and the GA module ensures compliance with musical rules, enhancing both explainability and creativity. The model successfully generates new bars and lines with notation sequences not found in the original dataset, indicating creative variation. Whether produced directly by the LSTM or refined through GA, the generated output demonstrates the system’s ability to innovate while preserving core musical characteristics. Furthermore, the GA-based validation allows the generated music to be interpreted in terms of the underlying rule constraints. The evaluation using the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient T-test provides supporting evidence that the proposed automatic music generation (AMG) model is capable of learning and generating gamelan music effectively. The LSTM component, functioning based on its ability to creatively generate note sequences, and the GA component, tasked with validation and refinement, have both proven to collaborate effectively and fulfill their respective roles. These findings support the effectiveness of the proposed model in fostering creative exploration of new tonal patterns aligned with the target genre.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11029210/Automatic music generationlong-short term memorygenetic algorithmsLSTM-GAexplanatory-based music generationgamelan
spellingShingle Ahmad Zainul Fanani
Arry Maulana Syarif
Ika Novita Dewi
Abdul Karim
Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
IEEE Access
Automatic music generation
long-short term memory
genetic algorithms
LSTM-GA
explanatory-based music generation
gamelan
title Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
title_full Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
title_fullStr Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
title_short Enhancing Creativity and Validation in Explanatory Deep Learning-Based Symbolic Music Generation: A Hybrid Approach With LSTM and Genetic Algorithms
title_sort enhancing creativity and validation in explanatory deep learning based symbolic music generation a hybrid approach with lstm and genetic algorithms
topic Automatic music generation
long-short term memory
genetic algorithms
LSTM-GA
explanatory-based music generation
gamelan
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11029210/
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