Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil

This study combined gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and multivariate statistical analysis to explore the differences in the characteristic aroma of <i>Idesia polycarpa</i> Maxim (<i>I. polycarpa</i>) fruit and oil under different drying methods: natural...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hongrui Ping, Yonghui Ge, Wenxuan Liu, Jinxiang Yang, Zhaoxue Zhong, Jinhua Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/811
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850229788832169984
author Hongrui Ping
Yonghui Ge
Wenxuan Liu
Jinxiang Yang
Zhaoxue Zhong
Jinhua Wang
author_facet Hongrui Ping
Yonghui Ge
Wenxuan Liu
Jinxiang Yang
Zhaoxue Zhong
Jinhua Wang
author_sort Hongrui Ping
collection DOAJ
description This study combined gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and multivariate statistical analysis to explore the differences in the characteristic aroma of <i>Idesia polycarpa</i> Maxim (<i>I. polycarpa</i>) fruit and oil under different drying methods: natural drying (ND), hot air drying (HAD), microwave drying (MD), and microwave vacuum drying (MVD). The results revealed that 91 volatile compounds were identified in the fruit, and 82 were found in the oil of <i>I. polycarpa</i>. HAD and MD resulted in the most significant loss of volatile aroma in both the fruit and oil. In contrast, MVD demonstrated the best retention of these volatile aromas. Multivariate statistical analysis and odor activity value (OAV) analysis (OAV ≥ 1) were employed to identify 10 volatile aroma compounds considered differentiating factors in the fruit and oil subjected to different drying methods. These compounds, including hexanal, 3-methylbutyric acid, 2-acetylpyridine, guaiacol, valeraldehyde, and butyric acid, significantly contribute to the flavor characteristics of <i>I. polycarpa</i> fruit and oil, evoking notes of nuts, caramel, and sourness. The OAVs of these aroma-differentiating compounds in microwave vacuum-dried fruit and oil were higher compared to those from other drying methods. Therefore, when considering the enhancement of volatile flavor compounds, MVD is more effective than the other drying methods in promoting the formation of flavor compounds in <i>I. polycarpa</i> fruit and oil.
format Article
id doaj-art-951aae156c1241c299e487a739b910da
institution OA Journals
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-951aae156c1241c299e487a739b910da2025-08-20T02:04:06ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-02-0130481110.3390/molecules30040811Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and OilHongrui Ping0Yonghui Ge1Wenxuan Liu2Jinxiang Yang3Zhaoxue Zhong4Jinhua Wang5College of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaCollege of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaCollege of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaCollege of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaCollege of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaCollege of Food Science And Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, ChinaThis study combined gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and multivariate statistical analysis to explore the differences in the characteristic aroma of <i>Idesia polycarpa</i> Maxim (<i>I. polycarpa</i>) fruit and oil under different drying methods: natural drying (ND), hot air drying (HAD), microwave drying (MD), and microwave vacuum drying (MVD). The results revealed that 91 volatile compounds were identified in the fruit, and 82 were found in the oil of <i>I. polycarpa</i>. HAD and MD resulted in the most significant loss of volatile aroma in both the fruit and oil. In contrast, MVD demonstrated the best retention of these volatile aromas. Multivariate statistical analysis and odor activity value (OAV) analysis (OAV ≥ 1) were employed to identify 10 volatile aroma compounds considered differentiating factors in the fruit and oil subjected to different drying methods. These compounds, including hexanal, 3-methylbutyric acid, 2-acetylpyridine, guaiacol, valeraldehyde, and butyric acid, significantly contribute to the flavor characteristics of <i>I. polycarpa</i> fruit and oil, evoking notes of nuts, caramel, and sourness. The OAVs of these aroma-differentiating compounds in microwave vacuum-dried fruit and oil were higher compared to those from other drying methods. Therefore, when considering the enhancement of volatile flavor compounds, MVD is more effective than the other drying methods in promoting the formation of flavor compounds in <i>I. polycarpa</i> fruit and oil.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/811<i>Idesia polycarpa</i> fruit and oildrying methodvolatile compoundsgas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry
spellingShingle Hongrui Ping
Yonghui Ge
Wenxuan Liu
Jinxiang Yang
Zhaoxue Zhong
Jinhua Wang
Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
Molecules
<i>Idesia polycarpa</i> fruit and oil
drying method
volatile compounds
gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry
title Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
title_full Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
title_fullStr Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
title_short Effects of Different Drying Methods on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Fruit and Oil
title_sort effects of different drying methods on volatile flavor compounds in idesia polycarpa maxim fruit and oil
topic <i>Idesia polycarpa</i> fruit and oil
drying method
volatile compounds
gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/811
work_keys_str_mv AT hongruiping effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil
AT yonghuige effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil
AT wenxuanliu effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil
AT jinxiangyang effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil
AT zhaoxuezhong effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil
AT jinhuawang effectsofdifferentdryingmethodsonvolatileflavorcompoundsinidesiapolycarpamaximfruitandoil